Thermodynamics Flashcards
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
when one object is in thermal equilibrium with another object and the second object is in thermal equilibrium with a third object, then the first and the third objects are also in thermal equilibrium
Thermal Expansion
Increases the length of solids, and the volume of liquids
Conduction
the direct transfer of energy via molecular collisions
Convection
the transfer of heat by the physical motion of a fluid
Radiation
the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
Specific Heat Equation
Q = mcΔt
When to use specific heat
when the object does not change phase
First Law of Thermodynamics
the change in the total internal energy of a system is equal to the amount of energy transferred in (as heat) to the system minus the amount of energy transferred out of the system (as work)
Second Law of Thermodynamics
objects in thermal contact and not in thermal equilibrium will exchange heat energy such that the object with the higher temperature will give off heat energy until both objects have the same temperature
Heat of Transformation Equation
q = mL
When to use heat of transformation
when a substance is undergoing a phase change
Isothermal
constant temperature
Isobaric
constant pressure
Idiabatic
no heat exchange
Isovolumetric
constant volume
