Thermodynamics Flashcards
What is thermal energy?
The sum of the translational, rotational and vibrational energies of particles.
What is temperature?
The graduation or degree of thermal energy.
The higher the temperature, , the greater the thermal energy.
What is the absolute zero point of the Kelvin scale?
What happens at this point?
-273 celsius.
The particles stop moving all together.
What is heat?
The amont of thermal energy transferred between two bodies in thermal interaction.
How many joules is 1 cal?
4.186 J.
What is heat capacity?
What is the unit?
The ratio of the heat transferred to a body and the resulting temperature change.
C = Q/ delta T. (J/K)
What is the exception of not every heat transfer leads to temperature change?
Melting ice - it does not change the temperature.
What does the heat capacity depend on?
(Specific heat capacity)
The material (quality) and size.
What is the specific heat capacity, and what is the unit?
What is the formula?
It is a constant.
It gives the amount of heat that needs to be transferred to a body of mass to increase its temperature by 1 K (or 1 celsius) . J/(kg * K) or J/(kg * c)
Q: m * c * delta T.
What is the boiling temperature of water at 101kPa?
100 celsius.
What is specific latent heat?
What is the unit?
Often presented as a constant.
It is the absorbed or released heat during the phase transition of a body divided by the mass of the body.
L= Q/M.
J/kg.
What is an ideal gas?
A gas that has zero-volume particles and there are no interactions between the particles - except for elastic collisions.
The model describes low-pressure atomic gases (noble gases) very well.
What energy is involved in an ideal gas?
The only motion of the particles in the gas translation - therefore, the thermal energy comes from the translational kinetic energy for the particles.
What is isothermal, isobaric and isochoric?
Isothermal: processes at constant temperatures.
Isobaric: processes at constant pressures.
Isochoric: constant volume.
What heat would increase the body temperature of a 70 kg patient by 0.5 celsius?
Give the formula.
The mass and the material (c) is given in the task, so:
Q: m * c * delta T.
