Thermodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

What is electron affinity?

A

Enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous atoms form 1 mole of negative ions - atoms and ions in the gaseous state

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2
Q

Why would a gaseous element have a higher entropy value than a solid element?

A

A gas is more disordered/free to move around

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3
Q

What is the Gibbs free energy change equation?

A

Delta G = Delta H - TDelta S

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4
Q

What value must Delta G be for a reaction to be feasible?

A

Delta G must be less than or equal to 0

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5
Q

Why might an entropy change have a positive value?

A

An increase in the number of particles

Becomes more disordered

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6
Q

Why are some reactions spontaneous?

A

Entropy change is positive, Enthalpy change is negative so Gibbs free energy is positive

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7
Q

How do you work out the value of entropy change

A

Sum of entropy products minus sum of entropy reactants (Divided by 1000 if putting into Gibbs free energy equation)

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8
Q

What is the perfect ionic model?

A

Ions are perfect spheres, only electrostatic attraction, no covalent interaction, only ionic bonding

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9
Q

Why do lattice enthalpies vary?

A

Size of ion

Charge of ion

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10
Q

What is ionisation energy?

A

When 1 electron is removed from each atom in 1 mole of gaseous atoms to form 1 mole of gaseous ions with a 1+ charge

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11
Q

What is enthalpy of atomisation?

A

Enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous atoms is formed from the element in its standard state

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12
Q

What is bond dissociation enthalpy?

A

Enthalpy change when 1 mole of covalent bonds is broken into 2 gaseous atoms

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13
Q

What is lattice dissociation?

A

Enthalpy change to separate 1 mole of an ionic substance into its ions, forms ions in the gaseous state

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14
Q

What is enthalpy of hydration?

A

Enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous ions become aqueous ions

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15
Q

What is enthalpy of solution?

A

Enthalpy change when 1 mole of an ionic substance dissolves in a large enough amount of water to ensure that the dissolved ions do not interact

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16
Q

What is lattice enthalpy of formation?

A

The enthalpy change for formation of 1 mole of crystal lattice from its ions - ions in the gaseous state