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Engineering Fundamentals > Thermodynamics > Flashcards

Thermodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

Branch of engineering that deals with the energies possessed by gases and vapors

A

Thermodynamics

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2
Q

Definite area of a space where some thermodynamic process takes place

A

Thermodynamic system

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3
Q

System of fixed mass whose boundaries are determined by the space of the working substance occupied in it

A

Closed system

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4
Q

System where the working substance crosses the boundary

A

Open system

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5
Q

System of fixed mass where no heat or work cross the boundary

A

Isolated system

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6
Q

When no further changes are observed, a thermodynamic system is said to be in…

A

Thermal equilibrium

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7
Q

When two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with a third body, they are in…

A

Thermal equilibrium

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8
Q

(BLANK) can neither be created nor destroyed, though it can be transformed from one form to another

A

Energy

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9
Q

Mathematically, the first law of thermodynamics (energy can neither be created nor destroyed) is defined as:

A

Heat = work + internal energy

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10
Q

There is a definite limit to the amount of (BLANK), which can be obtained from a given quantity of heat energy

A

Mechanical work

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11
Q

State of substance whose evaporation from its liquid state is complete

A

Perfect gas

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12
Q

The absolute pressure of a given mass of a perfect gas varies (BLANK) as its volume, when the temperature remains constant

A

Inversely

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13
Q

The volume of a given mass of perfect gas varies (BLANK) as its absolute temperature, when the absolute pressure remains constant

A

Directly

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14
Q

The absolute pressure of a given mass of a perfect gas varies (BLANK) as its absolute temperature

A

Directly

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15
Q

The change in internal energy of a perfect gas is (BLANK) proportional to the change in temperature

A

Directly

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16
Q

Mathematically, the change in energy is related to change in temperature as…

A

dE = mcdT (c = specific heat)

17
Q

(Isochoric process) when gas is heated at a constant pressure, its temperature and volume (BLANK)

A

Increase

18
Q

Process in which the temperature of the working substance remains constant during its expansion or compression

A

Isothermal process

19
Q

Process in which the working substance neither receives nor gives out heat to its surroundings

A

Adiabatic or isentropic process

20
Q

Process that occurs when a fluid is allowed to expand suddenly into a vacuum chamber through an orifice of large dimensions. Heat remains constant.

A

Free expansion

21
Q

Process in which a perfect gas is expanded through an aperture of minute dimensions

A

Throttling

22
Q

Total heat content of a system, mathematically equal to the internal energy plus the product of pressure and volume

A

Enthalpy

23
Q

Always increases or stays the same in a thermodynamic system

A

Entropy

24
Q

Consists of a series of thermodynamic operations which take place in a certain order, and the initial conditions are restored at the end of the process

A

Thermodynamic cycle

25
Q

A process in which some change in the reverse direction reverses the process completelyq

A

Reversible cycle

26
Q

A process in which the change in the reverse direction does not reverse the process

A

Irreversible process

27
Q

What the the common causes for an irreversible process?

A

Friction, radiation, conduction

28
Q

The ratio of work done to the heat supplied during a cycle

A

Efficiency

29
Q

A substance, which upon burning with oxygen in the atmospheric air, produces a large amount of heat

A

Fuel

30
Q

The amount of heat generated by fuel

A

Calorific value

31
Q

Type of fuel whose primary constituents are carbon and hydrogen

A

Hydrocarbon fuel

32
Q

Almost all commercial liquid fuels are derived from (BLANK)

A

Natural petroleum (crude oil)

Engineering Fundamentals (4 decks)

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