Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physics > Thermodynamics > Flashcards

Thermodynamics Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

Temperature definition

A

Thought of as the degree of hotness of an object. It indicates the direction of internal energy flow. It diffuses from high to low.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How are temperate scales formed?

A

Two standard degrees of hotness are chosen and called the fixed points. Numbers are assigned to them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Celsius scale

A

Divided into 100 increments known as degrees °C.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fahrenheit scale

A

Freezing point of water is 32° F and boiling point is 212° F.

Divided into 180 increments known as degrees ° F.

A Fahrenheit degree is 5/9ths as large as a Celsius degree.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fahrenheit to Celsius

A

°C = (°F -32) / 1.8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Celsius to Fahrenheit

A

°F = (1.8 x °C) + 32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is absolute zero?

A

0 K = -273°C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Celsius to Kelvin

A

Tk = Tc +273

The freezing point of water is 273K, and boiling point is 373K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fahrenheit to Rankine scale

A

Tr = Tf + 460°

The freezing point of water on the Rankine scale is 492°R, boiling point is 672°R.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is Heat (Q)?

A

Heat (Q) is a form of energy that when added to a body, increases the internal energy content of the body, causing a rise in temperature.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the S.I. unit for heat?

A

Joule (also Kcal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is heat capacity (c) ?

A

Defined as the ratio of heat supplied to an object or specimen to its consequent rise in temperature. The unit is JK^-1.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is specific heat capacity (c)?

A

Defined as the heat energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 K. Unit is J kg^-1 K^-1.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Specific heat capacity equation

A

Q = mc🔺ø

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

1st Law of Thermodynamics

A

The heat energy supplied to a system either increases the internal energy of the system or enables it to do work

Q = 🔺U + W

Where
Q = net heat input
🔺u = change in internal energy
W = net work output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

A

Heat cannot be transferred from one body to a second body at higher temperature.

The entropy of a closed system increases with time.

🔺U = T🔺s - W

Where
🔺U = change in internal energy
T = temperature
🔺s = change in entropy 
W = work done
17
Q

What is entropy ?

A

A measure of the unavailability of its energy to do work

18
Q

What is heat of combustion ?

A

The heat of combustion is the energy released as heat when a compound undergoes complete combustion with oxygen under standard conditions .

19
Q

What are heat engines?

A

Convert heat into work

20
Q

What is Molar heat capacity at constant volume (Cv)

A

The heat required to produce a unit rise of temperature in one mole of gas when the volume is kept constant.

21
Q

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure (Cv)

A

The heat required to produce a unit rise of temperature in one mole of gas when its pressure remains constant.

22
Q

What are the three types of expansion process in gases?

A

Isobaric, Isothermal and Adiabatic.

23
Q

What is an isobaric gas expansion process?

A

takes place at a constant pressure.

24
Q

What is an isothermal gas expansion process ?

A

Takes places at a constant temperature.

25
Q

What is an Adiabatic gas expansion process ?

A

Takes place in a system that is isolated from its surroundings so that heat does not enter or escape.

Most rapid thermodynamic processes are approximately Adiabatic because heat transfer takes time and a rapid process may be completed before much heat has passed through the walls of the system.

26
Q

How does a refrigerator extract heat?

A

It’s a heat engine that operates in reverse.

It uses a heat pump to extract heat from a low temperature reservoir and transfer it to a high temperature reservoir. Supplying as much heat as possible to the hot body, further cools the cool body.

27
Q

What is sensible heat?

A

Describes an amount of heat when added or removed from a substance causes a change in temperature but not a change in state.

28
Q

Ideal gas equation

A

PV = nRT

R = universal gas constant

29
Q

What is Boyle’s law?

A

Asserts that if the temperature of a sample of gas is kept constant then the product of its pressure and volume remains constant as the given sample is compressed or expanded.

P1V1 = P2V2

30
Q

what is Charles law?

A

Asserts that if the pressure of a gas is kept constant, then the ratio of volume to temperature remains constant as a sample of gas is heated or cooled.

V1 / T1 = V2 / T2

31
Q

The entropy of a closed system increases with …

A

time

32
Q

What is the combined gas law?

A

A single equation to combine the seperate gas laws .

P1 x V1 / T1 = P2 x V2 = T2.

Physics (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions