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AP Chemistry > Thermochemistry > Flashcards

Thermochemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

work

A

using energy to move things

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2
Q

heat

A

using energy to change temperature

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3
Q

thermal work

A

-P (change in V)

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4
Q

First Law of thermo

A

change in energy= Efinal-Einitial

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5
Q

change in energy=

A

q + w = heat + -P(change in V)

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6
Q

endothermic

A

absorbs heat

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7
Q

exothermic

A

releases heat

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8
Q

enthalpy

A

heat flow that occurs when thermal work occurs

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9
Q

enthalpy=

A

change in H = q = change in E + thermal work

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10
Q

enthalpy of a chemical reaction=

A

Eproducts- Ereactants

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11
Q

finding the enthalpy of reaction given masses

A

it is proportional to the amount of reactant consumed. if two moles of C react and the enthalpy of the reactions is -120; if one mole of C reacts, the enthalpy of the reaction is -60

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12
Q

heat capacity

A

the heat required to raise a substance 1 Kelvin

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13
Q

specific heat

A

= q/mchange in T= heat transferred/(masschange in T); heat capacity of one gram

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14
Q

heat of a solution=

A

specific heat of the solution * grams solution * change in T

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15
Q

heat of solution vs reaction

A

the heat of one has the opposite sign of the heat of the other

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16
Q

Hess’s Law

A

the sum of all of the changes in heat/enthalpies if there are steps to a reaction

17
Q

why are there lines between states on a heating curve?

A

that is the energy it takes to change the state and temperature doesn’t change at that time

18
Q

heat of fusion

A

energy it takes to melt a solid, NO TEMPERATURE CHANGE

19
Q

sublimation

A

from solid to gas

20
Q

deposition

A

from gas to solid

21
Q

heat of vaporization

A

energy it takes to vaporize a liquid, NO TEMPERATURE# CHANGE

22
Q

how to find the heat it takes to make something a different state and different temperature

A

find the specific heat it takes to get to the state change temperature; find the heat of vaporization/heat of fusion for that state; continue to find specific heat to next state change temperature…

23
Q

heat of formation

A

energy it takes to form one mole of a compound from it’s elements in J/mol

24
Q

heat of formation equation

A

deltaH= sum(moles products *deltaH products) - sum(moles reactants * deltaH reactants)

AP Chemistry (8 decks)

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