Thermochemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is energy?

A

Capacity to do work

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2
Q

What is work?

A

Result of force acting through a distance

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3
Q

What is heat?

A

Flow of energy caused by tempersture difference

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4
Q

What is the system vs the surroundings?

A

What we chose to study

Everything the system can exchange energy with

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5
Q

How to convert joules to calories?

A

Multiply by 4.184

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6
Q

What is the internal energy (U) of a system?

A

Sum of kinetic and potential energies of all particles that compose the sustem

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7
Q

What is the equation for the change in internal energy?

A

delta U= q+w

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8
Q

What are the sign conventions for heat?

A

Positive system GAINS energy

Negative system LOSES energy

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9
Q

What are sign conventions for work?

A

Positive work done ON the system

Negative work done BY the system

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10
Q

What are sign conventions for delta U?

A

+ energy flows INTO the system
- energy flows OUT of system

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11
Q

Since nervy must be conserved -delta U of the system equals?

A

Delta U of surroundings

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12
Q

What is the equation for heat?

A

q=mcdeltaT

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13
Q

What is equation for molar heat capacity?

A

q=ncdeltaT

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14
Q

How can you solve a problem where equilibrium is reached between aluminum and water?

A

-qAl=qH2O

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15
Q

How can you calculate work?

A

w=-PdeltaV

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16
Q

How many liters are in a m^3

17
Q

What is the formula for work that uses the change in coefficients?

A

w=-detanRT

18
Q

If the volume is constant what does the heat equal?

A

The change in internal energy

19
Q

How can we relate the temperature change to the heat ablatives by a calorimeter?

A

qcal=CcaldeltaT

20
Q

If no heat escapes the calorimeter the heat gained by the calorimeter equals?

A

The heat released by reaction

qcal=-qr

21
Q

What is enthalpy?

A

Heat involved in reaction at constant pressure

22
Q

What is the formula for the change in enthalpy?

A

deltaH=deltaU+PdeltaV

23
Q

What does heat at constant pressure equal?

A

Change in enthalpy

24
Q

The formula for enthalpy of reaction is?

A

DeltarH=DeltarU+deltanRT

25
What does delta n stand for?
change in coefficients of gases in balanced chemical equations
26
What does heat divided by moles equal?
DeltarH
27
In coffee cup calorimeters the heat gained by the solution is equal to?
Heat lost by reaction qsol’n=-qr
28
In coffee cup calorimeters qr equals?
qr=qp=deltaH
29
What does bomb calorimeters measure?
Change in internal energy
30
What is coffee cup calorimeter used to determine?
deltarH
31
What is the formula for q solution?
Qsoln=msoln csoln deltaT
32
How can you find moles?
Dividing mass by molar mass or ideal gas law
33
How many joules are in one L bar?
100