Thermochem/Thermodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

1st law of thermodynamics

A

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed

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2
Q

2nd law of thermodynamics

A

For a spontaneous rxn, the entropy of the universe will INCREASE

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3
Q

3rd law of thermodynamics

A

Entropy of a perfect crystal at a temperature of 0 Kelvin

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4
Q

Entropy has ___ and ____

A

system and surroundings

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5
Q

Entropy has ___ and ____. It is represented by what letter?

A

system and surroundings
Represented by Δ S

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6
Q

For a spontaneous rxn, what can ΔS never be?

A

Negative, the system and surroundings MUST add up to be positive for spon. rxn

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7
Q

ΔE represents what

A

Change in internal energy

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8
Q

State function

A

a property whose value does not depend on the path taken to reach that specific value

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9
Q

What are the 2 things that are NOT state functions?

A

q (heat), w (work) and heat capacity

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10
Q

If the system gains energy, q and w are

A

q and w are POSITIVE

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11
Q

If the system loses energy, q and w are

A

q and w are NEGATIVE

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12
Q

If heat is transferred from the system to the surroundings, q is

A

Q is NEGATIVE

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13
Q

If the system does work on the surroundings, w is

A

NEGATIVE

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14
Q

work equation
what is ALWAYS positive?

A

-PΔV
P is always POSITIVE

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15
Q

when ΔV is positive, w is what

A

NEGATIVE because our gas is losing energy

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16
Q

What is q?

A

It represents heat transfer

17
Q

If heat is transferred from the surroundings to the system, q is what

A

POSITIVE

18
Q

How do u convert C to K?

A

C plus 273

19
Q

If you are NOT going through a phase change what equation do you use?

A

q=mcΔT

20
Q

If you ARE going through a phase change what equation do you use?

A

ΔH of whatever phase change it is
ex. ΔHfusion

21
Q

Are phase changes the straight lines?

A

Yes

22
Q

If K>1, what is favored?
If K<1, what is favored?
If K=1, what does this mean?

A

Products!
Reactants!
P and R are equally favored