Thermal Physics (WIP)

Question 1

Changes of state - list

Answer 1

Exothermic (not req term) - sublimation, melting, evaporation
Endothermic (not req term) - deposition, freezing, condensation

Question 2

Properties of a solid

Answer 2

• Fixed shape AND volume
• Fixed arrangement of particles
• Particles vibrate about fixed positions
• STRONG intermolecular bonds
• Incompressible and cannot expand
• Low kinetic energy in particles
• High density

Question 3

Properties of a liquid

Answer 3

• Fixed volume, but without a fixed shape
• No fixed arrangement of particles, takes shape of container
• Particles able to slide across/past each other, allows liquid to flow
• Weak intermolecular bonds
• Unable to be compressed or expand
• More kinetic energy in particles compared with solids
• Medium density

Question 4

Properties of a gas

Answer 4

• No fixed volume or shape
• Almost no intermolecular bonds
• Particles spread out + move rapidly
• Takes shape of container
• Random motion of particles, colliding with each other and bouncing in all directions.
• Gas can flow freely
• Can be compressed easily and expand
• Contains highest kinetic energy in particles
• Low density