Thermal Physics Definitons

Question 1

Internal Energy

Answer 1

Sum of random distribution of kinetic and potential energies associated with molecules of system

Question 2

Thermal Equilibrium

Answer 2

No net flow of energy between bodies= same temp

Question 3

Specific Heat Capacity

Answer 3

Amount of energy needed to raise temp of 1kg of substance by 1K or 1•C

Question 4

Specific Latent Heat

Answer 4

S.L.H of fusion/vaporisation is amount of thermal energy required to change the state of 1kg of substance

Question 5

Boyle’s Law-

Answer 5

Pressure ~ 1/Volume

At constant temp

Question 6

Pressure Law

Answer 6

Pressure ~ Temp

At constant volume

Question 7

Charles Law

Answer 7

Volume ~ Temp

At constant pressure

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(Pressure law = temp, pressure = boyles Law)

Question 8

Ideal Gas

Answer 8

No potential energy between particles

Question 9

Assumptions of ideal gases

Answer 9

Volume of particles is negligible compared to volume of vessel
No intermolecular forces except during collisions
Particles travel in straight lines with uniform velocity
Time of collisions is negligible compared to time between collisions
Gas molecules move randomly

Question 10

Brownian motion

Answer 10

Random motion of particles
Continuously change direction
Caused by uneven and random force
Consistent with force caused by collision with randomly moving particles