Thermal Physics Flashcards
What is internal energy
The sum of the randomly distributed kinetic and potential energies
What’s a closed system
One where no matter is transferred and internal energy is constant
What happens to the internal energy when a substance changes state
The potential energy increases but kinetic stays the same, therefore internal energy is increased
What is specific heat capacity
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1K
What experiment would you use to find specific heat capacity
Continuous flow calorimeter
What’s boyles law
At a constant temp pressure and volume are inversely proportional- pv=constant
What’s Charles law
At a constant pressure v and temperature are directly proportional
What is the pressure law
At a constant volume, pressure and temperature are directly proportional
What are the graphs for Charles and pressure law
A straight positive gradient starting at -273 degree and going through the y intercept
For kelvin its a straight positive line through 0
What is specific latent heat
The energy require to change the state of 1kg of s substance without any temperature change
What’s an ideal gas
- it obeys the gas laws at all temperatures and pressures
- molecules have negligible volume
- all collisions are elastic
- cannot be liquified
- no intermolecular forces
When is a real gas ideal
Around 101KPa at 20 degrees
How do you find work done to change the volume of a gas at constant pressure
W=p X change of volume
What’s Brownian motion
The Random motions of particles suspended in a fluid due to collision with quick smaller atoms within the fluid
What is Brownian motion evidence for
Kinetic theory and the existence of atoms
