Thermal Physics Flashcards
In solids, particles vibrate about ______________?
Fixed points
What is heat energy?
The energy transferred to a material that results in an increase of kinetic and potential energy within the material.
What is temperature?
The average kinetic energy of all particles within a material.
What is the equation for Kelvin?
K= C + 237
What is the combined gas law?
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
What is thermal equilibrium?
The point during the transfer of heat energy where the heat gained by the receiving material is equal to the heat lost by the giving material.
What is the equation of specific heat capacity?
🔺Q = mc🔺T
What is the latent heat of a material?
The energy required to change the state of 1kg of material at a constant temperature.
What is the equation of the latent heat of a material?
🔺Q = mL
How is the rate of vaporisation of a liquid increased?
The air temperature increases which lowers the vapour pressure and humidity of the air, increasing the circulation of the air are all options.
What is conduction?
The process of heat transfer through a material without the overall transfer of the substance itself.
Will all materials conduct heat energy?
Yes
What does good conduction depend on?
Heat transfer by particles and free electrons.
What does poor conduction depend on?
Heat transfer by molecular collisions alone.
What does the rate of thermal conduction depend on?
Thickness of material, the surface area and the nature of the material.
What is convection?
The ranger of heat energy by the mass movement of a hot fluid from one place to another within the fluid.
What type of heat transfer are sea and land breezes?
Convection
What is the rate of convection affected by?
Temperature difference and exposed air surface.
What is radiation heat transfer?
The transfer of heat energy from one place to another via electromagnetic waves.
What is the emissivity values range?
0-1
What is the emissivity value for a matt black surface.
Close to 1. It both emits and absorbs energy better that a shiny white surface.
What does kinetic theory propose about particles?
That they make up all matter and are in constant motion.
