Thermal Physics Flashcards
what is thermal equilibrium
energy is transferred between multiple substances of different temperatures through collisions until there is no net movement of particles
what is specific heat capacity
the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of substance by 1K without changing state
what is the specific heat capacity equation
E=mCΔt
how to prevent errors in an experiment finding C
insulate the experiment to reduce heat loss- systematic
stir mixture to ensure is spread evenly- random error
what is continuous flow
where a liquid can be heated while flowing. eg a power shower
what happens to temperature when a substance is changing states
nothing as all the energy is going into breaking the intermolecular bonds to change the state of the substance, increasing potential energy
what is latent heat of fusion
energy gained to change a substance from solid to liquid is equal to energy loss when it changes back
what is latent heat of vaporisation
energy gained to change a substance from liquid to gas is equal to energy loss when it changes back
what is specific latent heat
the amount of thermal energy needed to be gained or lost to change the state of 1kg of substance without changing temperature
what is the specific latent heat equation
E=mL
what is absolute zero
a temperature where atoms have no kinetic movement at all. 0K/-273 °
what is Kelvin scale
a scale that measures temperature that doesn’t go negative. AKA absolute scale. you do not need to convert when using latent/specific heat equations
what is the pressure law
If volume remains constant then pressure and absolute temperature are directly
proportional
what is Boyles law
If temperature remains constant then pressure and volume are inversely
proportional
what is Charles law
If pressure remains constant then volume and absolute temperature are
directly proportional
what is avogadros constant
6.02 × 10^23
what is molar mass
the mass of 1 mole of a
substance
what is molecular mass
the mass of 1 mole of
that molecule
ideal gas equation
pV=nRT
what’s an example of work done ON a gas
piston is compressing the gas
