Thermal Exchange Flashcards
Temperature
average kinetic energy for all molecules and atoms in a system
Heat
Total amount of kinetic energy contained in a system’s molecules and atoms. Depends on…
o Total # of atoms and molecules
o Average speed of atoms and molecules
Heat Body temperature (Tb)
Depends on the amount of heat contained per gram body mass
Heat Capacity
The amount of heat required to change temp by 1C for
Ambient temperature (Ta)
Temp of ambient air
Surface temperature (Ts):
Temp on the animal’s surface
Conduction
Direct flow of heat between two material in contact; No macroscopic motion
Convection
movement of heat between two bodies by macroscopic movement of fluid between them. Heat transfer occurring via convection is much, much faster than conduction
Evaporation:
o Phase transition of H2O to H2O vapor requires a lot of heat
o This heat leave the body surface from whatever evaporation can take place
• Cutaneous evaporation, skin
• Respiratory evaporation
Latent heat of vaporization
a lot of heat, about 2400 J * gH2O-1
Thermal radiation
o Electromagnetic radiation emitted by all objects
o Radiative emissions between two objects always result in net heat transfer from warmer object to cooler objects
Endotherm
Animals that generate metabolic heat fast enough to increase tissue temperature above environment
Thermoregulation
Animals that generate metabolic heat fast enough to increase tissue temperature above environment
Ectotherm (Poikilotherm)
Cannot do Endothermy but may of may not be able to thermoregulation
Homeotherm
Can do endothermy and thermoregulation
