Thermal Energy Transform Flashcards
Thermal (energy)**
Thermal energy (also called heat energy) is produced when a rise in temperature causes atoms and molecules to move faster and collide with each other. The energy that comes from the temperature of the heated substance is called thermal energy.
Temperature **
Average kinetic energy of all the particles of a material; it is measured with a thermometer in degrees (usually Celsius or Fahrenheit).
Heat Transfer **
The flow of thermal energy depending on the nature of the matter, the size of the sample, and the temperature of the environment.
Fahrenheit **
Fahrenheit scale is the temperature scale in which 212 degrees is the boiling point of water and 32 degrees is the freezing point of water. The scale was invented in 1714 by the German physicist G.D. Fahrenheit (1686-1736). 32 °F = 0 °C. 212 °F = 100 °C.
Conduction **
Transfer of thermal energy by contact.
Convection **
Transfer of thermal energy by currents.
Radiation **
In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium. This includes: electromagnetic radiation, such as radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma radiation (γ).
Celsius
The scale of temperature in which water freezes at 0° and boils at 100° under standard conditions.
Kelvin
The kelvin is the base unit of temperature in the International System of Units, having the unit symbol K. It is named after the Belfast-born, Glasgow University engineer and physicist William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin.
Solid **
A state of matter with definite volume and shape.
Liquid **
A state of matter with a definite volume, but no definite shape.
Gas **
A form of matter with indefinite shape and volume.
Conductor
A material or device that conducts or transmits heat, electricity, or sound, especially when regarded in terms of its capacity to do this.
“graphite is a reasonably good conductor of electricity”.
Insulator **
Prevents the transfer of thermal energy.
Conservation of Energy
In physics and chemistry, the law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant; it is said to be conserved over time.
