Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Matter Flashcards
State Bernoulli’s equation…
p + ρ g y + 0.5 ρ v2 = constant at all points
Density ρ =
ρ = m/v
Continuity equation for incompressible fluid…
A1V1 = A2V2
Define tensile stress…
Force per unit area…
Tensile Stress = F⟂ / A
Define tensile strain…
Fractional change in length due to stress…
Tensile Stress = Δl / lo
Define youngs modulus… Y =
Y = Tensile Stress / Tensile Strain
= ( F⟂ / A ) / ( Δl / lo)
What is Hooke’s law… F =
F = -k x
Fcentripetal =
Fcentripetal = mv^2 / r
State Archimede’s Principle…
When a body is completely or partially immersed in a fluid, the fluid exerts an upward force on the body equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body.
State the principle of equipartition of energy
States that each energy/velocity component has, on average, an associated kinetic energy per molecules of 1⁄2kT, where k is the Boltzmann constant and T is the absolute temperature. The number of energy/velocity components needed to describe the motion of a molecule completely is called the number of degrees of freedom.
Formula for molar heat capacity at constant volume of point particiles… C =
C = 3/2 R
Formula for molar heat capacity of diatomic…
Cdia = 5/2 R
Volume of liquid siphoned V =
V = v A t
Heat capacity at constant pressure… Cp =
Cp = Cv + R
Pressure in a fluid of uniform density P =
P = Po + ρgh
What is meant by the specific heat capacity of a substance?
Amount of heat required to raise temperature of amount of substance (kg or mol) by one degree.
Briefly describe an experiment to measure the distribution of molecular speeds…
- Time of flight measurement of gated molecular beam
- Stream of molecules
- Briefly open gate 1
- Wait for time interval, briefly open gate 2 and count molecules
- Repeat for different time intervals
State Pascal’s Law…
Pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and the walls of the containing vessel.
Pressure in Pascal’s law…. P =
P = F1 /A1 = F2 /A2
