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Staudt Physics GRE > Thermal > Flashcards

Thermal Flashcards

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1
Q

Probability of a state

A
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2
Q

Partition β

A

β = 1 / (kT)

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3
Q

Partition function

A
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4
Q

Expectation value of energy (full formula)

A
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5
Q

Expectation value of energy (partition shortcut)

A
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6
Q

Entropy in terms of multiplicity

A

S = k lnΩ

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7
Q

Entropy, given probability of microstates

A
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8
Q

Shortcut entropy expression for monotomic ideal gas

A
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9
Q

Classical limit of the partition function

A
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10
Q

Binomial coefficient

A
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11
Q

Sterling’s formula

A
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12
Q

1st law of thermal

A

ΔU = Q - W

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13
Q

2nd law of thermal

A
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14
Q

Work in a reversible process

A

δW = P dV

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15
Q

Differential form of entropy change of a system undergoing a reversible process

A

δQ = T dS

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16
Q

Integral form of entropy change of a system undergoing a reversible process

A
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17
Q

Fundamental thermodynamic identity

A

dU = TdS - PdV

18
Q

Temperature given by the fundamental thermodynamic identity

A
19
Q

Pressure given the fundamental thermodynamic identity

A
20
Q

Energy Maxwell relation

A
21
Q

Heat capacity at constant volume

A
22
Q

Heat capacity at constant pressure

A
23
Q

Differentiation of the fundamental thermodynamic identity with respect to T

A
24
Q

Difference of heat capacities of an ideal gas

A

CP - CV = Nk

25
Q

Change in temperature

A

Q = mcΔT

26
Q

Heat engine efficiency

A
27
Q

Maximum efficiency of a heat engine

A
28
Q

Internal energy of a classical ideal gas

A
29
Q

vrms

A
30
Q

Speed of sound in an ideal gas, given pressure and density

A
31
Q

Speed of sound in an ideal gas, given temperature and mass

A
32
Q

Fermi-Dirac distribution

A
33
Q

Bose-Einstein distrubtion

A
34
Q

Average number of fermions/bosons

A
35
Q

Approximation of average number of fermions/bosons if energy levels are spaced closely together

A
36
Q

γ

A

(f+2) / f

37
Q

Monotomic molecule degrees of freedom

A

3 translational, f=3

38
Q

Diatomic molecule degrees of freedom

A

3 translational, 2 rotational, 2 vibrational, f = 5 +2b

b=0 at room temperature

b=1 at high temperatures

39
Q

Polyatomic molecule degrees of freedom

A

3 translational, 3 rotational, 2N vibrational, f=6+2N

N=number of atoms

40
Q

Solid degrees of freedom

A

3 vibrational in each kinetic and potential energy

f=6

Staudt Physics GRE (9 decks)

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