Therapy Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychotherapy

A

An emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties.

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2
Q

Biomedical Therapy

A

Prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patient’s nervous system.

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3
Q

Eclectic Approach

A

An approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.

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4
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

Sigmund Freud’s therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patient’s free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences- and the therapist’s interpretations of them-released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.

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5
Q

Resistance

A

In psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.

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6
Q

Interpretation

A

In psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.

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7
Q

Transference

A

In psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).

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8
Q

Client-Centered Therapy

A

A humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathetic environment to facilitate clients’ growth (also called person-centered therapy).

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9
Q

Active Listening

A

Empathetic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers’ client-centered therapy.

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10
Q

Behavior Therapy

A

Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.

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11
Q

Counterconditioning

A

A behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning. Includes exposure therapy and aversive conditioning.

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12
Q

Exposure Therapies

A

Behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actuality) to the things they fear and avoid.

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13
Q

Systematic Desensitization

A

A type of counterconditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

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14
Q

Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy

A

An anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplanes flying, siders, or public speaking.

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15
Q

Aversive Conditioning

A

A type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).

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16
Q

Token Economy

A

An operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats.

17
Q

Cognitive Therapy

A

Therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.

18
Q

Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

A

A popular integrated therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior).

19
Q

Family Therapy

A

Therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members; attempts to guide family members towards positive relationships and improved communication.

20
Q

Regression Towards the Mean

A

The tendency for extremes of unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average.

21
Q

Meta-Analysis

A

A procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies.

22
Q

Psychopharmacology

A

The study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.

23
Q

Tardive Dyskinesia

A

Involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limits; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs that target D2 dopamine receptors.

24
Q

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

A

A biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.

25
Q

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)

A

The application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity.

26
Q

Psychosurgery

A

Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior.

27
Q

Lobotomy

A

A now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain.