Theraputic Communication

Question 1

Interpersonal Communication

Answer 1

One on one interaction between a nurse and another person that often occurs face-to-face

Question 2

Transpersonal communication

Answer 2

Interaction that occurs within a person’s spiritual domain

Question 3

Small group communication

Answer 3

Interaction that occurs when a small number of persons meet. Usually goal directed and requires an understanding of group dynamics

Question 4

Public communication

Answer 4

Is an interaction with an audience. Requires special adaptions and I contacts, gestures, voice inflection, the use of media materials to communicate messages effectively. Used to increase audience knowledge.

Question 5

Referent in the communication process

Answer 5

Motivates one person to communicate with another. In healthcare setting sights, sounds, odors, time schedules, messages, objects, emotions, sensations, perceptions, ideas, and other cues initiate communication

Question 6

Sender in the communication process

Answer 6

The person who encodes and delivers the message. Puts ideas or feelings into a form that is transmitted and is responsible for the accuracy of its content and emotional tone.

Question 7

Receiver in the communication process

Answer 7

The person who receives and decodes the message.

Question 8

Message in the communication process

Answer 8

The content of the communication. It contains verbal, nonverbal, and symbolic language.

Question 9

Channels in the communication process

Answer 9

Means of conveying in receiving messages through visual, auditory, and tactile senses. Individuals usually understand a message more clearly when the sender uses more channels to convey it.

Question 10

Feedback in the communication process

Answer 10

The message the receiver returns. It indicates whether the receiver understood the meaning of the senders message.

Question 11

Interpersonal variables in the communication process

Answer 11

Factors within both the sender and the receiver that influence communication. Perception, education, developmental levels, socio-cultural background, values, beliefs, emotions, gender, physical health status, roles and relationship, pain, anxiety, medication

Question 12

Environment in communication process

Answer 12

The setting for sender – receiver interaction

Question 13

Verbal communication

Answer 13

Uses spoken or written words.

• Vocabulary – same language, subcultural variation, limit medical jargon, use children’s vocabulary.
• Denotative and Connotative meaning-carefully select words avoiding easily misinterpreted words.
• Pacing-speak slowly and enunciate clearly.
• Intonation-Tone of voice
• Clarity and Brevity-simple, briefs, direct.
• Timing and Relevance-Messages are more effective if they are relevant to the situation

Question 14

Nonverbal communication

Answer 14

Includes the five senses and everything that does not involve the spoken or written word.

• Personal appearance
• Posture
• Facial expression
• Eye contact
• Gestures
• Sounds
• Personal space

Question 15

Symbolic communication

Answer 15

The verbal and nonverbal symbolism used by others to convey meaning. Art and music are forms of symbolic communication.

Question 16

Metacommunication

Answer 16

A broad term that refers to all factors that influence communication

Question 17

Nurse – patient helping relationship

Answer 17

Nurse establishes, direct, and takes responsibility for the interaction in the patients needs.

1. Pre-initiation phase-before meeting patient review chart, get report, anticipate needs.
2. Orientation phase – nurse and patient meet and get to know each other, assess patient, Tell your roles, observe patient.
3. working phase – nurse and patient work together to solve problems, provide information, encourage and help patient set goals, their pubic communication.
4. Termination phase – ending of the relationship, evaluate, reminisce, achieve smooth transition for patient to other caregiver.

Question 18

Lateral violence

Answer 18

Between colleagues includes behavior such as withholding information, backbiting, making snide remark’s, and nonverbal expression of disapproval. Leads to job dissatisfaction, Poor retention of qualified nurses, poor teamwork, jeopardize patient safety

Question 19

Factors influencing communication

Answer 19

Physical and emotional, developmental, cultural, gender, internal, relationship, reason for communication, environment

Question 20

Therapeutic communication techniques

Answer 20

Specific responses that encourage the expression of feelings and ideas and convey acceptance and respect.
Active listening – S – sit facing the patient, O-observe an open posture, L-lean towards patient, E- eye contact, R-relax.
Shearing observations
Sharing empathy – ability to understand
Sharing help
Sharing humor
Sharing feelings
Using touch
Using silence
Providing information
Clarifying
Focusing
Paraphrasing
Asking relevant questions
Summarizing
Self disclosure
Confrontation

Question 21

Non-therapeutic communication techniques

Answer 21

Asking personal questions
Giving personal opinions
Changing the subject
Automatic response-stereotypes
False reassurance
Sympathy – concern, sorrow, pity
Asking for an explanation
Approval or disapproval
Defensive response
Passive or aggressive response
Arguing

Question 22

Auditory

Answer 22

Relating to the sense of hearing

Question 23

Congruence

Answer 23

Agreement or harmony, compatibility

Question 24

Dysarthria

Answer 24

Difficult or unclear articulation of speech that is otherwise linguistically normal

Question 25

Intimate distance

Answer 25

0 to 18 inches, for holding baby, physical assessment, bathing, feeding, toileting, changing the dressing

Question 26

Intonation

Answer 26

The rise and fall of the voice in speaking

Question 27

Personal distance

Answer 27

18 inches to 4 feet, sitting at patients bedside, getting patient history, teaching patient, giving report

Question 28

Process recording

Answer 28

Tool used in nursing to help the students examine the interaction with the patient

Question 29

Social distance

Answer 29

4 to 12 feet, making rounds, teaching class, conducting support group

Question 30

Territoriality

Answer 30

Nonverbal communication that refers to how people use space to communicate ownership or occupancy of area and possession

Question 31

Intrapersonal communication

Answer 31

Occurs within the individual. Also called self talk. Peoples thoughts strongly influence perception, feelings, behavior, and self-concept