Therapies

Question 1

CBT Cognitive Based Therapies Principles (5)

Answer 1

1. The cognitive principle
2. The cognitive triangle principle
3. The continuum principle
4. ‘Here and now’ principle
5. Interacting systems principle

Question 2

What is the cognitive principle?

Answer 2

The idea that every event can have different interpretations & lead to different emotive responses, depending on our thinking pattern.

ex) friend walks by and doesn’t say hi. Could have not seen you-neutral. Snob didn’t want to talk to you -anger. Doesn’t wanna say hi because they don’t like you-sad.

Question 3

What is the cognitive Triangle principle?

Answer 3

What we do has a powerful influence on our thoughts and emotions.. Thoughts, feelings, and behaviour all influence one another in a circulatory manner.

Question 4

What is the continuum principle?

Answer 4

Mental health problems are best conceptualised as exaggerations of normal processes. (behaviour lies on a continuum from normal to pathological)

Question 5

What is the ‘Here and Now’ principle?

Answer 5

Focus on current processes rather than the past

Question 6

What is the interacting systems principle?

Answer 6

It is helpful to look at problems as interactions between thoughts, emotions, behaviour and physiology and the situation in which the person operates.

Question 7

What makes the cognitive triangle act in a loop?

Answer 7

Negative automatic thoughts.

-uncontrollable stream of thoughts- negatively appraising situations. Habitual, brief, and frequent.

Question 8

In CBT what do we intervene in?

Answer 8

Beliefs, thoughts, emotions and behaviour

Question 9

What are CBT techniques for changing thoughts?

Answer 9

a) Psychoeducation
b) Restructuring thoughts and beliefs
c) Guided discovery (What did you think, how did you feel?)
d) Thought diaries
e) Challenging NATs (looking at evidence)

Question 10

CBT: how do we change emotions?

Answer 10

• Medication
• exercise
• hiking
• music
• good book
• Mindfulness
• etc

Question 11

CBT techniques for changing behaviour?

Answer 11

• Skills training

- Gradual exposure: stop avoidance

Question 12

CBT interventions for depression?

Answer 12

Cognitive
a) Psychoeducation
b) Cognitive Restructuring
Behavioral
a) Contingency Management
b) Behavioral Activation

Question 13

What is the Cognitive Specificity Hypothesis?

Answer 13

Distorted thoughts (failure/incompetence, uncontrollability/dangerousness) relate to specific psychiatric disorders.

Depression^Anxiety^

Question 14

What is the ABC in cognitive restructuring?

Answer 14

A= activating event
B= Belief
C=Consequence

Question 15

Define reinforcement. Negative. and Positive

Answer 15

Reinforcement= anything that.makes a behaviour more likely
PR.= something good is added to increase behaviour
N.R.=something bad is taken away to increase behaviour

Question 16

Mood, mastery and pleasure monitoring will:

Answer 16

 Identify contingencies
 Promote awareness- The Clients learn to monitor themselves,
 Show us what we need to increase and decrease

Question 17

What does it mean to set a SMART goal

Answer 17

S= Specific
M= measurable
A= attainable
R= relevant
T= time based

Question 18

Cognitive triads?

Answer 18

beliefs about

1) Self= I am incompetent
2) others= people don’t care about me
3) Future =nothing good will happen