Therapies

Question 1

What is a dysfunctional thought diary?

Answer 1

When a client records negative thoughts and events that preceded a negative thought and they then rate their belief in these thoughts

Question 2

“Challenging dysfunctional thoughts” what does this mean?

Answer 2

When you challenge thoughts of the client and replace them with rational thoughts.

Question 3

What is Pleasant activity scheduling

Answer 3

When you ask the client to plan a pleasant activity they engage in each day and they induce more positive emotions and focus on new things.

Question 4

What is the aim of mindfulness

Answer 4

To allow people to be in control of their own mind by paying attention to their present thoughts and emotions. It enhances a persons positive characteristics ultimately allowing them to become happier individuals

Question 5

How effective is mindfullness

Answer 5

Crane et al found that for people who have experienced three or more previous episodes of depression, mindfullness reduced the reoccurrence rate over 12 months by 40-50%

Question 6

What are the main key terms for systematic desensitisation

Answer 6

Generalisation - when stimuli elicit similar responses to previously conditioned stimuli that stare certain traits
Extinction - the gradual weakening of a conditioned response that results in the behaviour decreasing or disappearing
Reciprocal Inhibition - two opposing emotions can’t be felt at the same time e.g. you can’t feel relaxed and also feel fear/anxiety at the same time therefore a new response to the stimulus is learned
Anxiety Hierarchy - representations of situations that create anxiety
In vivo - the client is actually exposed to the phobic stimulus
In vitro - the client imagines exposure to the phobic stimulus

Question 7

What is the aim of systematic desensitisation

Answer 7

The aim of systematic desensitisation is to help the client relearn a more functional response to their phobic stimulus this is achieved using the principles of classical conditioning it aims to gradually break down the association i.e. The fear response and replace it with relaxation this is counter conditioning

Question 8

What are the main components of systematic desensitisation

Answer 8

1. The client is given training in relaxation techniques e.g. breathing techniques
2. The client and therapist work together to construct an anxiety hierarchy. This is a series of imagined scenes, each one causing a little more anxiety than the previous one
3. The client gradually works their way through the hierarchy starting with the least fearful stimuli. At each anxiety provoking situation, they utilise their relaxation technique. Due to reciprocal inhibition, they should after a while be able to visualise the stressful situation while remaining relaxed.
4. The client then moves onto the next step in the hierarchy, again z