Ther Ex Principles

Question 1

What is therapeutic exercise?

Answer 1

systematic, planned performance of body movements, postures, or physical activities intended to prevent injuries, improve/ enhance/ restore physical function

Question 2

Characteristics of a Ther Ex program?

Answer 2

Incorporates the entire body
Must be individualized
Specific to sport/ activity
Must be creative and safe!

Question 3

Designed goals of a Ther Ex program include..

Answer 3

ROM
strength, power, endurance
postural control
agilities
stretching techniques

Question 4

What is ROM?

Answer 4

full motion available at a joint

Question 5

What is flexibility?

Answer 5

muscle extensibility

Question 6

why is ROM limited?

Answer 6

pain
injury
ligamentous injury
swelling
loose body

Question 7

When does atrophy occur after immobilization?

Answer 7

2 weeks

Question 8

What physiological effects does atrophy have?

Answer 8

decreases number of muscle fibers
decreases myofibrils
decreases in contractile ability
increase in fibrous and fatty tissue in muscle

Question 9

Effects of atrohpy on articular cartilage?

Answer 9

cartilage thins

Question 10

effects of atrophy on periarticular CT?

Answer 10

becomes thick and fibrotic

loss of joint motion

Question 11

The immobilize muscle…

Answer 11

fatigues more quickly
is unable to produce a strong contraction
is unable to sustain activity over time
is slower to respond to stimulus

Question 12

Types of ROM

Answer 12

PROM
AROM
AAROM
RROM

Question 13

Indications for PROM

Answer 13

acute phase of healing

when athlete cannot contract on their own

Question 14

Goals for PROM

Answer 14

decrease complications due to immobilization
maintain joint and CT mobility
maintain mechanical elasticity
decrease pain!
assist in healing process

Question 15

Limitations for PROM

Answer 15

doesnt prevent muscle atrophy
doesnt increase strength or endurance
does not increase flexibility

Question 16

Indications for AROM

Answer 16

passive ROM gets easier for them

Question 17

Goals for AROM

Answer 17

maintain elasticity of muscles

Question 18

Limitations for AROM

Answer 18

does not develop skill or coordination except in the movement patterns performed

Question 19

Precautions and Contraindications to ROM

Answer 19

when motion is disruptive to the healing process

Question 20

Stretching

Answer 20

the ability to move a single joint or multiple joints smoothly and easily through an unrestricted pain free ROM

Question 21

Elasticity

Answer 21

ability to return to normal length after elongation

Question 22

Extensibility

Answer 22

ability or muscle or tendon to take on a new length

Question 23

Plasticity

Answer 23

soft tissue assumes a new and greater length after stretch force removed

Question 24

Failure

Answer 24

tearing of tissue

Question 25

Flexibility facts

Answer 25

individually variable joint specific decrease witha ge can be modified

Question 26

Contracture

Answer 26

spasm of the muscle

Question 27

Hypertonic

Answer 27

over toned

Question 28

Hypotonic

Answer 28

cant make the muscle like it's supposed to be

Question 29

Hypermobility

Answer 29

moves too much

Question 30

Hypomobility

Answer 30

not enough movement

Question 31

Muscle spindles

Answer 31

a stretch receptor located parallel to extrafusal fibers located in muscle belly protects extrafusal muscle fibers from injury

Question 32

GTO

Answer 32

protective mechanism located near tendons detects tension and sends messages for a reflexive relaxation

Question 33

Autogenic Inhibition

Answer 33

reflexive relaxation | especially if stretch is prolonged

Question 34

Indications for stretching

Answer 34

loss of ROM muscle weakness on opposite side of joint warm up for sport

Question 35

Contraindications for stretching

Answer 35

``` joint already hypermobile bony blocks recent fracture acute inflammation hematoma ```

Question 36

Overstretching

Answer 36

defined as a stretch well beyond physiologic normal of that muscle of joint creates joint instability

Question 37

Duration of stretch

Answer 37

refers to period of time stretch force is applied

Question 38

Static stretching

Answer 38

occurs when soft tissue is held in an elongated position for a certain time 30 seconds most common safest mode of stretching

Question 39

Static progressive

Answer 39

form of static stretching where the stretch force is held until a degree or relaxation is felt

Question 40

Ballistic

Answer 40

a rapid, forceful intermittent stretch

Question 41

Dynamic

Answer 41

quickly moving joints through a normal ROM

Question 42

Frequency of stretch

Answer 42

based on goal of program and type on injury | 3-6 times per week

Question 43

Low flexibility=

Answer 43

more overuse injuries

Question 44

Hypermobility=

Answer 44

more acute injuries