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Therapeutic Exercise > Ther Ex Principles > Flashcards

Ther Ex Principles Flashcards

1
Q

What is therapeutic exercise?

A

systematic, planned performance of body movements, postures, or physical activities intended to prevent injuries, improve/ enhance/ restore physical function

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2
Q

Characteristics of a Ther Ex program?

A

Incorporates the entire body
Must be individualized
Specific to sport/ activity
Must be creative and safe!

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3
Q

Designed goals of a Ther Ex program include..

A 
ROM
strength, power, endurance
postural control
agilities
stretching techniques
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4
Q

What is ROM?

A

full motion available at a joint

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5
Q

What is flexibility?

A

muscle extensibility

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6
Q

why is ROM limited?

A 
pain
injury
ligamentous injury
swelling
loose body
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7
Q

When does atrophy occur after immobilization?

A

2 weeks

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8
Q

What physiological effects does atrophy have?

A

decreases number of muscle fibers
decreases myofibrils
decreases in contractile ability
increase in fibrous and fatty tissue in muscle

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9
Q

Effects of atrohpy on articular cartilage?

A

cartilage thins

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10
Q

effects of atrophy on periarticular CT?

A

becomes thick and fibrotic

loss of joint motion

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11
Q

The immobilize muscle…

A

fatigues more quickly
is unable to produce a strong contraction
is unable to sustain activity over time
is slower to respond to stimulus

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12
Q

Types of ROM

A

PROM
AROM
AAROM
RROM

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13
Q

Indications for PROM

A

acute phase of healing

when athlete cannot contract on their own

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14
Q

Goals for PROM

A 
decrease complications due to immobilization
maintain joint and CT mobility
maintain mechanical elasticity
decrease pain!
assist in healing process
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15
Q

Limitations for PROM

A

doesnt prevent muscle atrophy
doesnt increase strength or endurance
does not increase flexibility

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16
Q

Indications for AROM

A

passive ROM gets easier for them

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17
Q

Goals for AROM

A

maintain elasticity of muscles

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18
Q

Limitations for AROM

A

does not develop skill or coordination except in the movement patterns performed

19
Q

Precautions and Contraindications to ROM

A

when motion is disruptive to the healing process

20
Q

Stretching

A

the ability to move a single joint or multiple joints smoothly and easily through an unrestricted pain free ROM

21
Q

Elasticity

A

ability to return to normal length after elongation

22
Q

Extensibility

A

ability or muscle or tendon to take on a new length

23
Q

Plasticity

A

soft tissue assumes a new and greater length after stretch force removed

24
Q

Failure

A

tearing of tissue

25
Q

Flexibility facts

A

individually variable
joint specific
decrease witha ge
can be modified

26
Q

Contracture

A

spasm of the muscle

27
Q

Hypertonic

A

over toned

28
Q

Hypotonic

A

cant make the muscle like it’s supposed to be

29
Q

Hypermobility

A

moves too much

30
Q

Hypomobility

A

not enough movement

31
Q

Muscle spindles

A

a stretch receptor
located parallel to extrafusal fibers
located in muscle belly
protects extrafusal muscle fibers from injury

32
Q

GTO

A

protective mechanism
located near tendons
detects tension and sends messages for a reflexive relaxation

33
Q

Autogenic Inhibition

A

reflexive relaxation

especially if stretch is prolonged

34
Q

Indications for stretching

A

loss of ROM
muscle weakness on opposite side of joint
warm up for sport

35
Q

Contraindications for stretching

A 
joint already hypermobile
bony blocks
recent fracture
acute inflammation
hematoma
36
Q

Overstretching

A

defined as a stretch well beyond physiologic normal of that muscle of joint
creates joint instability

37
Q

Duration of stretch

A

refers to period of time stretch force is applied

38
Q

Static stretching

A

occurs when soft tissue is held in an elongated position for a certain time
30 seconds most common
safest mode of stretching

39
Q

Static progressive

A

form of static stretching where the stretch force is held until a degree or relaxation is felt

40
Q

Ballistic

A

a rapid, forceful intermittent stretch

41
Q

Dynamic

A

quickly moving joints through a normal ROM

42
Q

Frequency of stretch

A

based on goal of program and type on injury

3-6 times per week

43
Q

Low flexibility=

A

more overuse injuries

44
Q

Hypermobility=

A

more acute injuries

Therapeutic Exercise (4 decks)

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