theory x and theory y - McGregor

Question 1

describe theory x

Answer 1

-employees are believed to:
o avoid responsibility
o are lazy
o adopt a blame culture
o resist change
o not creative

-suggests a classical management approach where employees are viewed as machines

-assumes autocratic leadership style/little to no involvement in decision making

-believes employees need to be controlled and directed

-may be threatening and intimidating with an emphasis on discipline

Question 2

describe theory y

Answer 2

-assumes workers enjoy their duties as they are self-motivated and exercise self-control

-emphasis on recognition, achievement and empowering individuals

-effective use of teams and interdisciplinary groups are encouraged

-management believes workers are not naturally passive and resistant to change but active agents at work

-there should be more self-management and upward communications along with participation in the decision-making process