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GCSE Engineering > theory test > Flashcards

theory test Flashcards

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1
Q

heat of combustion

A

another name for burning. it is an example of an exothermic reaction, a reaction that releases energy to the surroundings. this is mostly thermal energy but light energy and sound energy is also released.

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2
Q

Toxicity

A

The condition of producing adverse bodily effects due to poisonous qualities. is also how much a substance can damage an animal, plant, cell, organ or other organisms is its toxicity

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3
Q

oxidation state

A

ability to oxidize what takes place by gaining oxygen, losing hydrogen, or losing electrons, and is a chemical property that results in the oxidation number of a substance being changed

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4
Q

Conductivity

A

electrical conductivity is when a material allows current to flow through them easily. in contrast electrical insulators resist current passing through the material

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5
Q

resistance

A

electrical resistivity is a funder mental property that quantifies how strongly a given material opposes the flow of electric current

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6
Q

magnetism

A

is a force that can attract or repel objects that have a magnetic material like iron inside them. in simpler words, it is a property of certain substances which pull closer or repel other objects. magnetic objects are always made out of metal but not all metals are magnetic

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7
Q

tensile strength

A

A measure of how much stress from pulling, or tension, material can withstand before breaking.

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8
Q

Compression Strength

A

to resist pushing or crushing forces

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9
Q

shear strength

A

measures the largest shear force a material can stand before ripping apart

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10
Q

torsional strength

A

to resist twisting forces

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11
Q

hardness

A

to be able to resist abrasive wear

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12
Q

toughness

A

Mechanical Property of a material that indicates the ability of the material to handle overloading before it fractures.

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13
Q

Elasticity

A

to be able to flex and bend

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14
Q

Plasticity

A

to be able to be permanently changed by external forces

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15
Q

Ductility

A

the ability of a substance to be drawn, pulled, or extruded through a small opening to produce a wire

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16
Q

durability

A

the ability to withstand wear, pressure, or damage.

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17
Q

Malleability

A

the ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets

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18
Q

Reflectivity

A

when the light from an object is reflected by a surface, it changes direction. it bounces off the surface at the same angle it hits it. smooth shiny such as mirrors and polished metals reflect light well

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19
Q

Non-ferrous metal

A

any metal which is not formed from iron. It is measured in ounces per square foot. Copper and bronze are non-ferrous metals used in casket construction.

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20
Q

Ferrous metals

A

metals containing iron. metals such as stainless steel and mild steel are ferrous metals

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21
Q

properties of non-ferrous metals

A

corrosion-resistant,

malleable, ductile,

tough,

good electrical conductor and easily machined

22
Q

Properties of ferrous metals

A

tough,

ductile
,
magnetic,

malleable,

hard and brittle

23
Q

what is an alloy

A

alloys are mixtures of two or more metals that have improved properties and characteristics

24
Q

what does the addition of carbon do to ferrous

A

it improves and enhances its properties

25
Q

Name 3 ferrous metals

A

mild steel, cast iron, and stainless steel

26
Q

mild steel properties

A

magnetic, Tough, ductile, malleable, good tensile strength, poor resistance to corrosion

27
Q

cast iron properties

A

hard, brittle, magnetic

28
Q

stainless steel properties

A

difficult to cut, sometimes magnetic, hard, tough, excellent corrosion resistance

29
Q

Mild steel composition

A

iron

0.1-0.3% carbon

30
Q

Cast Iron Composition

A

iron

2-4% carbon

31
Q

stainless steel composition

A 
alloy
10.5% carbon + iron
10.5-18% chromium
8% nickel
8% magnesium
32
Q

Use of mild steel

A

screws
nails
bolts

33
Q

use of cast iron

A

machine parts
vices
manhole covers

34
Q

stainless steel uses

A

cutlery, kitchen sinks, pots, and pans, surgical instruments

35
Q

Aluminum properties

A

malleable, Light, weaker than steel, easy to work with, expensive, non-toxic, good barrier down to 1 mil, non-magnetic, does not rust, salt causes corrosion, no “taste,” excellent recycle record.

36
Q

Copper properties

A 
corrosion-resistant
malleable
ductile
tough
easily machined
good electrical conductor
37
Q

Brass properties

A

casts well
harder than copper
easily machined

38
Q

Titanium properties

A

high strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance at room and elevated temperature

39
Q

silver properties

A

the highest conductivity of electricity and heat of any metal

40
Q

Zinc properties

A

not corrosion-resistant prevents the steel from rusting

41
Q

Aluminum composition

A

pure metal

42
Q

Copper composition

A

pure metal

43
Q

Brass composition

A

alloy
65% copper
35% zinc

44
Q

what is a thermosetting polymer?

A

A polymer that consists of polymer chains with cross-links between them so they do not melt when they are heated

45
Q

properties of thermosetting polymers

A

adhesive, durability, heat/flame resistant, hard, brittle, electrical insulators, high tensile strength

46
Q

forms of thermosetting polymers

A

kettles, plugs, laptop chargers, electrical appliances

47
Q

name 3 thermosetting polymers

A

phenol-formaldehyde, polyimides, polyurethane

48
Q

once formed thermosetting polymers

A

cannot be altered. this also means that they cannot be recycled or used again for another engineered product

49
Q

what are polymers used for

A

medicines, household goods, and building materials

50
Q

what happens when heat is applied to a thermosetting polymer

A

they do not melt when heat is applied and cannot be reframed by applying heat

51
Q

Plastics

A

plastics are oil-based materials that rely on the constant production of oil or the recycling of existing plastic products to maintain their production

GCSE Engineering (5 decks)

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