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PROF PRAC > THEORY OF STRUCTURES > Flashcards

THEORY OF STRUCTURES Flashcards

1
Q

structural element that is rigidly supported at one end and carries a load at the other end

A

CANTILEVER BEAM

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2
Q

unsupported end is known as the ___, and it extends beyond the support point

A

CANTILEVER

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3
Q

specialty within the field of civil eng

focuses on the framework of structures, and on designing those structures to withstand the stresses and pressures of their environment

A

STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

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4
Q

field of engineering dealing with the analysis and design of structures that support or resist loads

A

STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

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5
Q

based upon the physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of diff materials and geometries

A

STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING THEORY

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6
Q

deals with the calculations and observations of load and stress

calculation of load coming on the members and analyze them

A

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

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7
Q

decides dimensions of the structural members by using those structural analysis findings

decides the shape and size of the structural members on the basis of calculated load from structural analysis

A

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

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8
Q

system of connected parts used to support a load

bldgs, bridges, towers

A

STRUCTURE

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9
Q

types of bridges (list at least 7)

A

TRUSS BRIDGE
ARCH BRIDGE
GIRDER BRIDGE
SUSPENSION BRIDGE
CABLE-STAYED ARCH BRIDGE
CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE
CANTILEVER BRIDGE

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10
Q

structural elements:
- structural members subjected to a tensile force
- members are slender, and are often chosen from rods, bars, angles, or channels

A

TIE RODS OR BRACING STRUTS

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11
Q

usually straight horizontal members used primarily to carry vertical loads

classified according to the way they are supported

designed to resist bending moment

A

BEAMS

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12
Q

columns (give 4 types)

A

RECTANGULAR COLUMN
CIRCULAR COLUMN
AXIALLY LOADED COLUMN
REINFORCED CONCRETE

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13
Q

members that are generally vertical and resist axial compressive loads

A

COLUMNS

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14
Q

consist of slender elements, usually arranged in triangular fashion

A

TRUSSES

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15
Q

composed of members that lie in the same plane and are frequently used for bridge and roof support

A

PLANAR TRUSSES

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16
Q

have members extending in three dimensions and are suitable for derricks, and towers

A

SPACE TRUSSES

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17
Q

members that are subjected to internal axial, shear, and moment loadings

A

FRAME

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18
Q

often used in bldgs and are composed of beams and columns that are either pin or fixed connected

extended in two or three dimensions

A

FRAMES

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19
Q

two other forms of structures used to span long distances

A

CABLES AND ARCHES

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20
Q

usually flexible and carry their loads in tension

commonly used to support bridges and bldgs roofs

limited only by their sag, weight, and methods of anchorage

A

CABLES

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21
Q

achieves its strength in compression, since it has a reverse curvature to that of the cable

must be rigid to maintain its shape, and this results in secondary loadings involving shear and moment

frequently used in bridge structures

A

ARCHES

22
Q

types of loads according to nature:
- a load that doesn’t change significantly over time
- permanent, fixed-place equipment
- self-weight or superimposed

A

DEAD LOAD

23
Q

types of loads according to nature:
any structural element consisting of the main structure such as foundations, beams, columns, and frame

A

dead load: self-weight

24
Q

types of loads according to nature:
any fixed materials or equipment that is installed after the main structural is erected

A

dead load: superimposed

25
Q

types of loads according to nature:
- also called imposed loads and they are either moving loads or movable loads that do not have any impact or acceleration
- part of what an occupant brings into the bldg
- furniture, movable partitions

A

LIVE LOAD

26
Q

types of loads according to nature:
- represents the variable and transient forces that act upon a structure

A

LIVE LOAD

27
Q

types of loads according to nature:
- used to refer to any pressures or forces that the wind exerts on a bldg or stucture
- pressure applied due to the wind on a structure

A

WIND LOAD

28
Q

types of loads according to nature:
- steel structures are often subjected to wind forces
- eng employ advanced wind eng techniques and wind tunnel testing to assess the impact of wind and design structures that can withstand these forces

A

WIND LOAD

29
Q

types of loads according to nature:
- the downward force on a bldg’s roof by the weight of accumulated snow and ice
- roof or the entire structure can fail if the snow load exceeds the weight the bldg was designed to shoulder

A

SNOW LOAD

30
Q

types of loads according to nature:
- a dynamic load, which means it brings about the vibration of structures

A

EARTHQUAKE/SEISMIC LOAD

31
Q

types of loads according to nature:
- experience expansion and contraction due to temperature fluctuations

A

TEMPERATURE LOAD

32
Q

types of loads according to nature:
- may encounter ___ load caused by moving loads, machinery vibrations, or even human activities such as dancing or exercising

A

DYNAMIC LOAD

33
Q

types of loads according to application:
- load acting on a small elemental area

A

POINT OR CONCENTRATED LOAD

34
Q

types of loads according to application:
- force that is applied evenly over the distance of a support

A

UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD

35
Q

types of loads according to application:
- non uniform load/varying load

A

TRIANGULAR
TRAPEZOIDAL

36
Q

leading authority and resource worldwide for the development distribution and adoption of consensus-based standards, technical resources, etc

A

AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE (ACI)

37
Q

not for profit technical institute and trade association for the use of structural steel in the construction industry of the US

A

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION (AISC)

38
Q

primary design code in the country, providing guidance to civil and structural engineers on the design and assessment of buildings and any other structures since its first edition in 1972

A

NATIONAL STRUCTURAL CODE OF THE PH

39
Q

structural elements (give 3)

A

ROLLER SUPPORT
PIN-CONNECTED
FIXED SUPPORT

40
Q

beams depth is greater than its width because it can bear more load and develops less stress in it

A

TRUE

41
Q

type of forces:
applied forces and reactions forces

A

EXTERNAL FORCES

42
Q

type of forces:
forces and couples exerted on a member or portion of the structure by the rest of the structure

A

INTERNAL FORCES

43
Q

considered to be __ if it maintains its shape and remains a rigid body when detached from the supports

A

INTERNALLY STABLE OR RIGID

44
Q

considered to be __ if it cannot maintain its shape and may undergo large displacement when not supported externally

A

INTERNALLY UNSTABLE OR NONRIGID

45
Q

to ensure the equilibrium of a structure or its members, it is not only necessary to satisfy the equations of equilibrium, but the members must also be properly held or constrained by their supports

A

STABILITY

46
Q

2 situations for proper constraints have not been meet:

A

PARTIAL CONSTRAINTS
IMPROPER CONSTRAINTS

47
Q

some cases a structure or one of its members have fewer reactive forces than equations of equilibrium that must be satisfied

A

PARTIAL CONSTRAINTS

48
Q

some cases there may be as many unknown forces as there are equations of equilibrium, however, instability or movement of a structure or its members can develop because of improper constraining by supports

the line of forces is concurrent or parallel forces

A

IMPROPER CONSTRAINTS

49
Q

if number of unknown is less than the number of equations

U < E

the line of forces is concurrent or parallel forces

A

UNSTABLE

50
Q
A

PROF PRAC (8 decks)

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