Theory Of Social Bonding/Social Control Flashcards
Assumption: most people are _, so what produces _?
Self-interested, conformity
Hirschi’s focus:
Explain juvenile delinquency
According to Social Bonding/Control Theory, _ of _ to _ _ determines likelihood of deviance.
Strength, ties, social institutions
4 aspects of Social Bonding Theory:
Attachment, commitment, involvement, belief
Strength of ties to others, especially parents, and people at school (teachers and peers)
Attachment
Attachment also includes…
Sensitivity to feelings of others (e.g. others’ wishes, opinions, expectations)
The most important of all aspects
Attachment
People develop a stake in following the rules - the more they have gained (or expect to gain) by acting conventionally, the more they stand to lose by deviating
Commitment
The “rational” aspect
Commitment
The question, “Who is more likely to cheat, a freshman or a graduating senior?” is addressing which aspect?
Commitment
The “opportunity” aspect
Involvement
Hirschi predicted that the level of _ is inversely related to the likelihood of deviance.
Involvement
Extracurricular activities in high school is an example of _.
Involvement
Extent to which people have been socialized into believing in the importance of following the rules/legitimacy of the rules.
Belief
According to Social Bonding/Control Theory, each element has an _, _ effect on likelihood of deviance (relationship is _ in nature), but elements tend to work _ (relationship between elements is _ in nature).
Independent, direct, inverse, together, direct
Results of Hirschi’s empirical test:
All relationships _, but _ not in _ hypothesized.
Significant, involvement, direction
Ongoing studies based on the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health examining various factors that may impact the likelihood of “risky” behavior.
- Very comprehensive because all types of _ _ and all types of all _ studied.
- Sample is the _ _ sample to date
- Important findings: the 1 factor that lowers the risk of deviance is _ _ to _.
- “Risky” behavior, elements
- largest representative
- emotional attachment, parents
Research by Agnew and Peterson on involvement aspect of theory, particularly how _ activities affect delinquency.
- measured level as well as _ of involvement, meaning _ , with _, and role of / or lack thereof from activity.
Leisure
- nature, what, whom, gain, enjoyment
Results of research on leisure activities:
- unsupervised activities _ related to delinquency
- supervised activities _ related to delinquency
- solitary activities _ related to delinquency
- directly
- inversely
- inversely
Research on differential outcomes (in likelihood of deviance) for boys vs girls regarding:
- attachment (to friends)
- involvement (in sports)
- boys directly related, girls inversely related
- boys directly related (sex), girls inversely related (no sex)
McCord’s research on differential effects of social bond over life course….
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