Sutherland - Differential Association Theory Flashcards
Theories heavily influenced by _ _. “Individuals _ their understanding of social _ through _ and _ with one another in _ _.
Symbolic interactionists, construct, reality, communication, interaction, primary groups
General focus of Differential Association Theory and Social Learning Theory:
Understanding process in which all _ is _ through.
- Behavior is _ through _ _ in one’s _ _.
Behavior, learned
- Learned, interpersonal communication, primary groups
Sutherland focuses on:
Interpersonal communication in primary groups
What is learned in the process of learning deviant behavior? (2)
- Techniques for engaging in deviance
2. “Definitions” that are favorable/not favorable toward particular types of deviance
Process of social interaction through which definitions are learned.
“Differential association”
Some relationships are _ _ than others depending on the _.
more influential, “modalities”
4 modalities:
Frequency, duration, priority, intensity
Effect of definitions favorable/unfavorable to deviance on likelihood of deviance.
Excess of favorable definitions vs unfavorable definitions makes deviance more likely
Extension of Sutherland’s theory - Ron Akers’ Social Learning Theory:
Recognizes:
- impact of _ _ on learning process
- impact of _ _ as a _ influence on learning process
- “secondary” groups
- behavioral modeling, separate
2 concepts in behavioral modeling:
Imitation, differential reinforcement
“Definitions”
Attitudes, motivation, values, rationalizations, etc learned through associations
Engaging in a behavior after observing similar behavior in others.
Imitation
Balance of anticipated and/or actual rewards and punishments of a behavior.
Differential reinforcement
