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GENERAL > THEORY OF FLIGHT > Flashcards

THEORY OF FLIGHT Flashcards

1
Q

pertaining to air

A

AERO

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2
Q

relating to the forces of air in motion

A

AERODYNAMICS

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3
Q

the science of flight within the atmosphere

A

AERONAUTICS

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4
Q

a combination of aeronautics and space

A

AEROSPACE

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5
Q

a mixture of gases that contain
approximately 79% nitrogen, 19%
oxygen and 2 other gases

A

AIR

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6
Q

any machine that is
capable of flying through the air.
Ultralights, airplanes, glider balloons,
helicopters are all included

A

AIRCRAFT

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7
Q

an aircraft that is kept aloft
by the aerodynamic forces upon its
wings and is thrust forward by a
propeller, or other means of
propulsion such as a jet or rocket

A

AIRPLANE

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8
Q

component, such as a wing,
that is specifically designed to
produce lift, thrust or directional
stability

A

AIRFOIL

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9
Q

a place on either land or
water where aircraft can land and
take off for flight

A

AIRPORT

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10
Q

a place on either land or
water where aircraft can land and
take off for flight

A

ALTITUDE

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11
Q

the art, science and
technology of flight within the
atmosphere

A

AVIATION

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12
Q

a person who operates an
aircraft during flight

A

AVIATOR

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13
Q

the curved part of an airfoil
that goes from the leading to the
trailing edge

A

CAMBER

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14
Q

a line drawn through an airfoil
from its leading to its trailing edge

A

CHORD

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15
Q

a force which retards the
forward movement of an aircraft in
flight

A

DRAG

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16
Q

forces in motion

A

DYNAMIC

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17
Q

the front part of an airfoil

A

LEADING EDGE

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18
Q

the upward force, which opposes
gravity, that supports the weight of an
aircraft

A

LIFT

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19
Q

the flow of air which
moves opposite the flight path of an
airplane

A

RELATIVE WIND

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20
Q

standing still, or without motion

A

STATIC

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21
Q

faster than the speed of sound

A

SUPERSONIC

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22
Q

below the speed of sound

A

SUBSONIC

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23
Q

the force which moves an
aircraft forward in flight

A

THRUST

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24
Q

the back part of an airfoil

A

TRAILING EDGE

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25
Q

air in motion

A

WIND

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26
Q

In what year did Leonardo da Vinci drew plans
for a flying machine?

A

1940

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27
Q

The Wright brothers’ first practical flying
machine, with Orville Wright at the controls,
passing over Huffman Prairie, near Dayton,
Ohio, October 4, 1905

A

The Wright brothers’ first practical flying
machine, with Orville Wright at the controls,
passing over HUFFMAN PRAIRIE, NEAR DAYTON, OHIO, OCTOBER 4, 1905.

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28
Q

A pressure of one atmosphere is equal to

A

14.7 pounds per square inch

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29
Q

If after disturbance, an aircraft initially returns to its equilibrium state means that

A

It is neutrally unstable

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30
Q

The three axes concerned with stability of an aircraft have

A

longitudinal axis nose to tail,
lateral axis at furthest span point,
normal axis through center of pressure

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31
Q

All the factors that affect lift produced by an airfoil are

A

angle of attack , velocity , wing area, airfoil shape, air density

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32
Q

A wing section suitable for high speed would be

A

thin with little or no camber

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33
Q

Profile drag consists of what types of drag

A

form, skin friction, and interference

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34
Q

flown around the year 400 B.C.
in China were ancestors of modern
aviation and the airplane

A

KITE

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35
Q

Leonardo da Vinci spent most of his
life exploring flight and left the world
about _______ documents of sketches
and observations about flight.

A

160

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36
Q

A great Italian thinker

A

LEONARDO DA VINCI
(1250 to 1750)

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37
Q

Envisioned & sketched of an
Ornithopter in the 15th century

A

LEONARDO DA VINCI
(1250 to 1750)

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38
Q

His surviving manuscript reaches to
35, 000 novel & 500 sketches.

A

LEONARDO DA VINCI
(1250 to 1750)

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39
Q

Brothers that designed the first successful flying
craft.

A

Joseph and Etienne Montgolfier
(1750 to 1850)

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40
Q

first aviators

A

duck, rooster, and a sheep

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41
Q

how long did first flight without human passenger

A

Lasted for 8 mins.

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42
Q

how long did first flight with human passenger?

when?

A

25 mins.

1:54 PM Nov. 21, 1783

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43
Q

Balloon Carrying

A

Pilatre De Rozier - Marquiz D Arlandez

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44
Q

Designed a round oval shaped
balloon (BLIMP)

A

Henri Gliffard

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45
Q

The Hindenburg Zeppelin Disaster on _______ caused the end for these large airships.

A

1937

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46
Q

He is the 1st person to propose
separate mechanism for the
generation of lift & propulsion.

A

GEORGE CAYLEY
(1850 to 1900)

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47
Q

He is the grandparent of the concept
of the modern airplane & the first true
aeronautical engineer.

A

GEORGE CAYLEY
(1850 to 1900)

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48
Q

Father of Aeronautics

A

GEORGE CAYLEY
(1850 to 1900)

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49
Q

He was the first to discover how wings work.

A

GEORGE CAYLEY
(1850 to 1900)

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50
Q

In 1896, the German engineer, tested several monoplane and biplane gliders.

A

OTTO LILIENTHAL

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51
Q

OTTO LILIENTHAL achieved, 2,500 successful
gliders in history

A

1891 – 1896

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52
Q

when did the world’s first successful airplane

A

At 10:35 a.m. on December 17, 1903

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53
Q

Twelve seconds later it landed 100 yards
away on the soft sand at Kill Devil Hills near
Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

A

TWELVE SECONDS later it landed 100 yards
away on the soft sand at KILL DEVIL HILLS NEAR KITTY HAWK, NORTH CAROLINA.

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54
Q

The WRIGHT BROTHERS

A

ORVILLE WRIGHT

WILBUR WRIGHT

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55
Q

The Wright brothers had made their own
engine that weighed _____________ and had
__________ cylinders.

A

200 pounds

four (4)

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56
Q

The world’s first successful airplane
known as the ________.

A

FLYER

57
Q

first transcontinental flight

A

WRIGHT BIPLANE

58
Q

the first transcontinental flight was
made by ______________, in 1911.

A

Calbraith P. Rodgers

59
Q

the 1st airplane crash fatality

A

September 17, 1908

60
Q

After the war, He became an advocate for military aviation.

A

General Billy Mitchell

61
Q

He offered a trophy to promote high speed flight and began a NATIONAL CRAZE for air races that the American public began to take notice.

A

Ralph
Pulitzer

62
Q

The first Mail wing was built by ___________.

A

Pitcairn Aviation, Inc

63
Q

He completed the first transatlantic flight. He instantly became a world hero.

A

Charles Lindbergh

64
Q

She was the first woman to fly
solo across the Atlantic in 1928.

A

Amelia Earhart

65
Q

It was first used in 1943 and became the premier carrier fighter plane.

A

Grumann F6F Hellcat

66
Q

It allowed the
British ground stations to detect and identify
the size, speed, distance, and trajectory of
the German bombers and send their
Spitfires on perfect intercept missions.

A

RADAR

67
Q

In 1947, it broke the sound barrier.

A

Chuck Yeager

68
Q

They were the world’s heaviest
bombers and could hold up to 99,206
pounds of bombs.

A

B-47 and B-52 bombers

69
Q

the first American
commercial jet, was put into
service by the Boeing Company

A

THE 707

70
Q

By 1966 both Lockheed and Douglas Aircraft
Corporations had entered the commercial
industry giving rise to competition and the
development of new technologies.

A

By 1966 both Lockheed and Douglas Aircraft
Corporations had entered the commercial
industry giving rise to competition and the
development of new technologies.

71
Q

The world’s first supersonic
commercial passenger aircraft operating
regular scheduled flights

A

CONCORDE

72
Q

This jet
was designed to avoid detection and
mount precision attacks.

A

Nighthawk (F-117A)

73
Q

It is the first stealth
combat aircraft in the world.

A

Nighthawk (F-117A)

74
Q

Nighthawk (F-117A)

A

1st flew = 1981
begin combat =1989

75
Q

This aircraft is
amphibious, which means it can be
operated from land or water.

A

CL-415, or “Firebird,”

76
Q

3 Aviation Community

A

Public Air Transportation
Military Aviation
General Aviation

77
Q

the part of civil aviation (both
general aviation and scheduled airline
service) that involves operating aircraft for
hire to transport passengers or cargo

A

Public Air Transportation

78
Q

The aircraft flown by the armed forces
constitute.

A

Military Aviation

79
Q

Any aeronautical activity that does not fall
into one of these two sector is called
general aviation.

A

General Aviation

80
Q

2 Aircraft Classification

A

Heavier-than-Air
Lighter-than-Air

81
Q

a powered aircraft that
derives its lift from the movement of air
over fixed lifting surfaces

A

Airplane

82
Q

an aircraft that derives its
lift from rotating lifting surfaces(usually
called blades).

A

Rotorcraft

83
Q

It is a fixed wing aircraft that is
supported in flight by the dynamic
reaction of the air against its lifting
surfaces, and whose free flight does
not supported on an engine

A

Gliders

84
Q

Unpowered lighter than aircraft.

A

Balloons

85
Q

It obtain thrust from a rocket engine

A

Rocket

86
Q

8 Aircraft Categories

A

Transport
XCommuters
Restricted
Limited
Experimental
Provisional
Aerobatic
Normal / Utility

87
Q

5 Major Components of an Aircraft

A

Fuselage
Wings
Empennage
Powerplant
Landing Gear

88
Q

It is the central body of an
airplane and is designed to accommodate
the crew, passengers, and cargo.

A

FUSELAGE

89
Q

It provides the structural connection for the
wings and tail assembly.

A

FUSELAGE

90
Q

3 Types of Fuselage Structures

A

Truss type
Monocoque
Semi-Monocoque Type

91
Q

Consists of oval formers or bulkheads held together by stringers

A

Monocoque

92
Q

Most commonly used fuselage type in general aviation today

A

Semi-Monocoque Type

93
Q

Longerons are the principle members

A

Truss type

94
Q

Those are airfoils attached to
each side of the fuselage and are the main
lifting surfaces that support the airplane in
flight.

A

WINGS

95
Q

Airplanes with a single set of wings

A

monoplanes

96
Q

Airplanes with a two set of wings

A

biplanes

97
Q

3 Principal Structural Parts of the Wing

A

Spars
Ribs
Stringers

98
Q

It affects the lateral stability of the aircraft.

A

dihedral angle

99
Q

It is used to move the airplane’s nose left and right.

A

RUDDER

100
Q

It is used to move the nose of the airplane up and down during flight.

A

ELEVATOR

101
Q

It functions as
a trim tab to relieve control pressures and
helps maintain the stabilator in the desired
position.

A

ANTISERVO TAB

102
Q

the principal
support of the airplane when parked,
taxiing, taking off, or landing.

A

LANDING GEAR

103
Q

Landing gear with a rear mounted
wheel
Two main wheels and a tail wheel

A

CONVENTIONAL LANDING GEAR

104
Q

Two main wheels and a nose wheel

A

TRICYCLE LANDING GEAR

105
Q

The primary
function of the engine is to provide the
power to turn the propeller.

A

POWERPLANT

106
Q

It generates electrical power, provides a
vacuum source for some flight instruments,
and in most single-engine airplanes,
provides a source of heat for the pilot and
passengers.

A

POWERPLANT

107
Q

4 Regions of Atmosphere

A

Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere

108
Q

It is the space around
the Earth which is filled by a mixture of
gasses held against the Earth by the force
of gravity.

A

ATMOSPHERE

109
Q

The boundary between the
troposphere and the stratosphere

A

TROPOPAUSE

110
Q

It is the property of a fluid that
causes it to resist flowing.

A

Viscosity

111
Q

It exists between any
two materials that contact each other.

A

Friction

112
Q

It is the force applied in a
perpendicular direction to the surface of an
object.

A

Pressure

113
Q

Flight Instruments

A

Altimeter
Airspeed Indicator
Vertical Speed Indicator
Manifold Pressure Gauge

114
Q

average pressure exerted by the weight of
the atmosphere

A

approximately 14.70 pounds per square inch (psi) of surface ; OR
1,013.2 millibars (mb)

115
Q

The standard atmosphere at sea level is a surface temperature of 59 °F or 15 °C and a surface pressure of 29.92 inches of mercury (“Hg) or 1,013.2 mb.

A

The standard atmosphere at sea level is a SURFACE TEMPERATURE of 59 °F or 15 °C and a SURFACE PRESSURE of 29.92 inches of mercury (“Hg) or 1,013.2 mb.

116
Q

An ____________ is a surface designed to obtain lift from the air through which it moves.

A

AIRFOIL

117
Q

It is the angle
between the oncoming air or relative wind
and a reference line on the airplane or
wing.

A

Angle of attack (AOA)

118
Q

4 Forces of Flight

A

GRAVITY
THRUST
DRAG
LIFT

119
Q

It is the invisible force created
by Earth that pulls objects, including
airplanes, down.

A

GRAVITY

120
Q

The gravitational field produced by
Earth pulls objects downwards

A

9.807 m/s²

121
Q

It is the force produced by an
airplane that moves it forwards.

A

Thrust

122
Q

It is the force acting against an
object in motion.

A

DRAG

123
Q

It is the force that keeps an
airplane in the air, preventing it from falling
to the ground below.

A

LIFT

124
Q

3 Axis of Rotation

A

longitudinal (AILERONS)
vertical (RUDDER)
lateral (ELEVATOR)

125
Q

3 Primary Flight Control Surface

A

AILERONS (ROLL)
RUDDER (YAW)
ELEVATOR (PITCH)

126
Q

Their purpose is to
increase lift during low speed operations
such as takeoff, initial climb, approach and
landing.

A

SLATS

127
Q

They are a high lift device consisting
of a hinged panel or panels mounted on
the trailing edge of the wing.

A

Flaps

128
Q

5 Common Flap Designs

A

Plain Flap
Split Flap
Slotted Flap
Fowler Flap
Double Slotted Fowler Flap

129
Q

Speed brakes are purely
drag devices while spoilers simultaneously
increase drag and reduce lift.

A

Speed brakes are PURELY
drag devices while spoilers SIMULTANEOUSLY
increase drag and reduce lift.

130
Q

They are panels mounted on the
upper surface of the wing that, when
extended, both increase drag and
decrease lift by disrupting the airflow over the wing.

A

SPOILERS

131
Q

They are used to relieve the pilot of the need to maintain constant pressure on the flight controls, and usually consist of flight deck controls and small hinged devices attached to the trailing edge of one or more of the primary
flight control surfaces.

A

TRIM SYSTEMS

132
Q

5 Common Types of Trim Systems

A

Trim Tabs
Balance Tabs
Anti-servo Tabs
Ground Adjustable Tabs
Adjustable Stabilizer

133
Q

It is the science of air
vehicle orientation and control in three
dimensions.

A

Flight dynamics

134
Q

2 Parts of Hydro-Mechanical Flight Control System

A

mechanical circuit
hydraulic circuit

135
Q

2 Types of Ailerons

A

Differential Ailerons
Frise Ailerons

136
Q

Extension of FOWLER trailing edge flaps causes?

A

a nose-down pitching moment.

137
Q

The speed of sound is affected by the?

A

temperature of the air.

138
Q

flight phenomena can happen at Mach Numbers below the critical Mach Number?

A

Dutch roll.

139
Q
A

GENERAL (4 decks)

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