theory

Question 1

althusser - ideological state apparatus

Answer 1

repressive state apparatus - armed bodies of men - the army, police, prisons etc - coerce working class into complying to the will of the bourgeoisie
isa - media, education system, family etc - ideologically manipulate the working class into accepting capitalism as  legitimmate

Question 2

evaluation of marx

Answer 2

marx view is too simplistic - sees class as the only important division - weber - status and power differences can also be important sources of inequality, independent of class eg a power elite can rule without actually owning the eans of production - communist soviet union

Question 3

evaluation of marxism

Answer 3

class polarisation has not occured. instead of the iddle class that is swallowed up by the expanding proletariat is has shrunkk in western societies

Question 4

liberal feminsts - difference between sex and gender - oakley

Answer 4

sex - biological
gender - culturally constructed differences between masculine and feminine roles and identites assigned to males and females - evolve over time

Question 5

liberal fems - optimistic theory

Answer 5

changes in socialisation and culture are gradually leading to more rational attitudes towards gender
political actions are bringing in progress for women - 1970 equal pay act

Question 6

evaluation of liberal feminism

Answer 6

over optimism - see the obstacles of emancipation as simply the prejudices of individuals or irrational laws that can evolve. offer no explanation for the overall structure of gender inequality

fails to recognise the underlying causes of womes subordination and that it is naiive to think thhat changess in laws and attitudes will be enough to chhange the view of women

Question 7

radical feminism - separatism

Answer 7

given that mens oppresion of women is exercised through intimate domestic and sexual relationships - living apart from men and thereby creating a new culture of indepencece
greer- matrlocal households

Question 8

radical feminism - sexuality

Answer 8

patriarchy constructs sexuality so as to satisfy mens desires. for example, women are portrayed in porn as passive sex objects
rich - men force women into a narrow and unsatisfying compulsory heterosexuality

Question 9

evaluation of radical feminism

Answer 9

assumes all women are in the samme position and ignores class or ethnic differnces between women

marxists - capitalism is the main form of womens oppression not men

Question 10

marxist feminists

Answer 10

women are a reserve army of labour

women absorb anger - ansley takers of shit

Question 11

social action theory - weber

Answer 11

instrumentally rational action - actor calculates the most efficent means of achieving a given goal - eg maximising profits

Question 12

looking glass self - cooley

Answer 12

self concelpt - our self concept arises out of loooking throughthe eyes of the other, in interactions when we see ourselves thrugh the eyes of the other we see ourselves as others do

leads to self fulfilling prophecing

labbeling - label becomes part of self concept

Question 13

dramaturgical model - action throry

Answer 13

goffman - we are all actors who perform to audiences to carry out a convincing perforance of the role we have adopted

impression management - seek to present a certain impression of ourselves by studying audience to see how they react to you