Theory Flashcards
Mediant
3rd scale degree
Diatonic half step
Different letter is used (c to d)
Tonic
1st and 8th scale degree
Chromatic scale
12 different pitches, uses half steps
Dominant
5th scale degree
What is the 6th mode?
How do you make the scale?
Minor
Natural Minor scale
Submediant
6th scale degree
How do you find the relative key?
major ➡️ minor (C# Major is relative to A# minor)
Add 3 flats
Minor ➡️ Major (E minor is relative to G major)
Add 3 sharps
Subtonic
7th scale degree when the interval between the 7th and 8th scale degree is a whole step
How do you construct a melodic minor scale?
Use a natural minor scale and raise the 6th and 7th a half step while ascending and change back to natural minor while descending
Supertonic
2nd scale degree
How do you find the parrallel Key?
Use the same note given. Example (C major is parallel to C minor. Bb Minor is parallel to Bb Major. F# Major is parallel to F# minor)
What is the 3rd mode?
How do you make the scale?
Phrygian
Minor scale with the 2nd lowered a half step
Chromatic half step
Same letter is used (c to c#)
What is the 2nd mode?
How do you make the scale??
Dorian
Minor scale with the 6th tone raised a half step
Leading tone
7th scale degree when the interval between the 7th and 8th scale degree is a half step
What is the 4th mode?
How do you make the scale?
Lydian
Major scale with the 4th raised a half step
What is the 1st mode?
How do you make the scale?
Major (Ionian)
Major scale
Sub Dominant
4th scale degree
What is the 5th mode?
How do you make the scale?
Mixolydian
Major scale with the 7th lowered a half step
What is the 7th mode?
Locrian
What is the 2nd solfege syllable?
Re
How do you construct a harmonic minor scale
Use a natural minor scale and raise the 7th a half step
What is the 8th solfege syllable?
Do
What is the 3rd solfege syllable?
Me
How do you construct a Major Pentatonic Scale?
Use a Major scale and remove the 4th and 7th scale degrees
How do you construct a natural minor scale?
WHWWHWW
Or
Use a major scale and lower the 3rd, 6th, and 7th
What is the 1st solfege syllable?
Do
Interval
The distance between two pitches
How do you construct a minor pentatonic scale?
Use a minor scale and remove the 2nd and 6th scale degrees
What is the 6th solfege syllable?
La
Harmonic interval
When two pitches are played together
What is the 4th solfege syllable?
Fa
Melodic interval
When the two pitches are played separately
Simple interval
An octave or smaller
Dissonance includes
2
7
*both minor and major
Any “A”
Any “d”
P4
How do you construct a major scale?
WWHWWWH
Consonance
More pleasing to the ear
Compound interval
An interval larger than an octave
What is the 5th solfege syllable?
Sol
Imperfect consonance includes
3
6
*minor or major
Dissonance
Creates tension, needs resolving
Enharmonic interval
Sound the same but are spelled differently
P↔️P 1-8
M↔️m 2-7 3-6
A↔️d 4-5
.
Perfect consonance includes
P1
P5
P8
What is the 7th solfege syllable?
Ti
How do you construct a whole tone scale
Use all whole steps
Example (C D E F# G# A# C)
Diatonic scale
each letter is used once
How many types of contrapuntal motion is there?
What are they?
4
Contrary, parallel, similar, and oblique
How many types of melodic motion are there?
What are they?
3 types
Step (2). Conjunct
Skip (3). Conjunct
Leap (4, 5, or 6). Disjunct
Contrary Motion
If one goes up, the other goes down, and likewise
Parallel Motion
The interval moves up or down
Similar Motion
The interval parts will move in same direction, but will not be the same size interval.
Oblique motion
One part moves, and the other stays on the same pitch
First species counterpoint allows only what type of intervals?
Consonant
P1 P5 P8 3 and 6
What does “realizing” a figure bass mean
Creating a full musical texture from a figured bass
What is the symbol for a root position triad? What are the intervals?
It would be blank
The intervals would be 5 and 3
What is the symbol for a triad in 1st inversion?
6
The intervals would be 6 and 3 for this inversion
