Theorists

Question 1

David and Moore 1945

Answer 1

education acts as a sieve which ‘sorts’ people into roles/positions in society i.e they are allocated roles

Question 2

Marxist theory

Answer 2

the main role of education is to produce an efficient and obedient workforce to help maintain the unequal capitalist society.

Question 3

Althusser 1970

Answer 3

Althusser takes a theoretical approach to education i.e. his work is not based on research. he argues that the w/c are controlled by the R/C through 2 types of ‘apparatus’

Question 4

bowles and gintis 1970

Answer 4

they researched schools in the USA and concluded that the role of education is the reproduction of the workforce.
education is a ‘myth making machine’ designed to justify inequality by promoting that failure is due to a lack of hard work

Question 5

Howard Becker 1971

Answer 5

came up with labelling theory

Question 6

basil Bernstein 1975

Answer 6

differences in language ‘code’
argues that both the home and school are responsible for not teaching the elaborated code.

Question 7

J.W.B Douglas 1964

Answer 7

found w/c pupils did worse on ability tests compared to middle class pupils this is because parents were less likely to read to their children or select the right educational toys for them

Question 8

dobash & dobash

Answer 8

domestic violence
main cause was threat to authority

Question 9

LABOV

Answer 9

language skills of black American children

Question 10

Oakley

Answer 10

pregnant women 55-60 sample
invited to births

Question 11

Paul Willis 1970

Answer 11

he does not believe that there is a sample relationship between education and work. this view is to determinist and simplistic.
he conducted a study of 12 w/c lads in their final year of school using unstructured interviews and observations

Question 12

Chubb and Moe

Answer 12

compared the achievement of 60000 pupils from low income families in 1015 state and private high schools in the USA.

Question 13

Sarah Thornton 1995

Answer 13

studied ‘rave culture’ in clubs
she started at 23 but aged out of the group making the observation difficult and suspicious

Question 14

James Patrick 1973

Answer 14

studied a Glasgow gang. he was young and knew one of the members and had easy access

Question 15

Sudhir ventatesh

Answer 15

semi covert participant
‘JP’ gang leader was aware of real identity

Question 16

laud Humphries

Answer 16

he studied ‘impersonal sexual acts’ in public lavatories or tea rooms
he acted as a watch person to warn those engaging in the acts. to avoid bias he secretly followed some of the men to their cars and recorded their licence plates. he later arrived at their homes claiming to be a health service interviewer asking about marital status

Question 17

Michael Rutter 1979

Answer 17

he used questionnaires to collect large quantities of data from 12 inner London secondary schools. he was able to correlate achievement , attendance and behaviour with variables like school size, class size and number of staff

Question 18

parsons 1961

Answer 18

the school is a society in miniature which helps to teach and prepare for the demands and expectations of wider society