Theories of Religion - Social Change Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Weber’s General View on Religion as Force for Social Change

A

Calvinism brought about spirit of capitalism based on pursuit of profit for its own sake rather than spending it on luxuries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Predestination

A

God’s predetermined souls saved ‘’the elect’’. This is decided from birth and is unchangeable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ascetic Lifestyle

A

Abstinence, self discipline & self denial, refraining from luxury, avoiding excess.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Response to Calvinist Beliefs

A

> Working hard was a solution to anxiety caused by beliefs on predestination, success could be sign of god’s favour & their salvation.

> Profit gained would be reinvested back into their businesses as they must live ascetically, to produce further profit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why has Capitalism failed in other countries?

A

> Due to lack of belief in system like calvinism, despite having factors e.g. trade, economy & legal system

> Lacked drive to accumulate wealth, calvinism was unique for capitalism to emerge.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Kautsky A03 - Calvinism

A

Capitalism already existed before Calvinism, only purpose of it was to justify ruling class domination & continue myth of divine inequality.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How are Neo-Marxist views different to Marxist views?

A

Sees how religion can be form of social change & developing class consciousness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does Neo-Marxism agree with Marxist views?

A

Religion exploits working class

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bloch - Principle of Hope (Neo-Marxism)

A

> Religion has dual character, stops change but offers people idea of utopia & change for a better life

> Hope from religious belief inspires rebellion rallying people to bring a revolution, with aim of social change.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Maduro - Liberation Theology (Radical) (Neo Marxism)

A

> Encourages people to change society in Latin America, due to exploitation faced.

> Shouldn’t rely on aid from rich countries & behave in revolutionary way.

> Need for poor to put these ideas into action & overthrow dictatorship, bringing about democracy, not threatening capitalism.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Criticisms of Liberation Theology

A

Pope rejected Liberation Theology & told priests to focus on religious duties.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Hegemony?

A

Ideological control ruling class have over working class.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Gramsci on what ruling class (bourgeosie) rely on to maintain rule?

A

Ruling class rely on consent to maintain rule, institutions e.g. Church maintains consent promoting hegemony.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why does Gramsci believe Control isn’t inevitable?

A

> But control isn’t inevitable as working class have dual consciousness, they’re aware of exploitation & can see through ideology.

> So can create own set of ideas for social change, working class can win battle for ideas, producing own organic intellectuals

> e.g. clergy can help working class realise their situation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Aims of American civil rights movement

A

> Aimed to get equal rights, led by Martin Luther King using Christian values to gain unity & find common ground.

> Helped gain legitimacy & followers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Methods used by American civil rights movement to bring change

A

Protests, marches, boycotts & demonstrations

14
Q

Aims & Beliefs of New Christian Right

A

> Take USA back to God, before secularism & make LGBT & Abortion illegal

> Favour traditional family/gender roles, ban sex education in school & teach creationism.