Theories of Personality Flashcards
Who are the 3 key people in psychoanalytic theory?
Frued
Erikson
Jung
What are the 3 types of approaches to psychoanalytic therapy?
- Contemporary: Object relations
- Self psychology
- Relational Psychoanalysis
what are the Key Themes in psychoanalytic theory?
Life Instincts
Death Instincts
What is personality according to psychoanalytic theory?
Structure: id, ego, superego
Psychosexual stages: oral, anal, phallic, latent, genial
What is pathology according to psychoanalytic theory?
Ego-Defense Mechanisms
What are the 7 kinds of psychotherapies are used in psychoanalytic therapy?
- Blank screen approach
2.Transference
3.Countertransference - Free Association
- Dream analysis
- Interpretation Analysis of
resistance - Analysis of transference
Who created Adlerian Theory?
Alfred Adler
What are the key themes in Adlerian Theory?
- Family Constellation
- Early Recollection Holistic
Concept: understand our parts in relationship to socially embedded context
Sibling order affecting personality derives from what theory?
Adlerian
What are the 3 kinds of psychotherapies are used in Adlerian therapy?
- Encourage (build
courage) , self- understanding, and insight - Working toward life goals
- Lifestyle Assessment
Who created Person-Centered Therapy?
Carl Rogers
What are the 5 key themes in Person-Centered theory?
- Self-Actualization
- Authenticity
- UPR
- Relationship
- Incongruence
What are the 3 personality concepts of Person-Centered Theory?
- Ideal vs. real self
- conditions of worth
- locus of control
What is pathology according to person-centered theory?
- Incongruence between ideal/real
- external locus of control
What are the 3 kinds of psychotherapies used in Person-Centered therapy?
- Environment of UPR
- Self-actualization
- Positive self-regard
Who are the key people in Existential theory?
Viktor Frankl
Rollo May
Irvin Yalom
what are the key themes of Existential theory?
- Existential anxiety (“givens of existence”)
- Freedom
- Choice
- Authenticity
What is pathology according to Existential theory?
- Inauthenticity- not accepting personal responsibility.
- Existential neurosis (experience of meaninglessness)
- Existential vacuum
- Restricted Existence
What are the 2 kinds of psychotherapies used in Existential therapy?
- Exploration of freedom
2. Logo-therapy
Who are the 2 main theorists in Behavioral therapy?
- B.F. Skinner
2. Albert Bandura
What are 8 Key themes in Behavioral Theory?
- Classical conditioning,
- operant conditioning,
- social-cognitive theory
- CBT.
- Functional assessment,
- behavioral analysis,
- ABC model,
- behavioral assessment interview
The idea of Personality being reinforced by what someone does belongs to what theory?
Behaviorism
What is pathology according to Behavior therapy?
Maladaptive behavior that is being reinforced
What are 8 examples of techniques used in Behavioral therapy?
- Treatment goals in objective
terms. - Use of positive reinforcement
and negative reinforcement. - Behavioral extinction.
- Positive and Negative Punishment.
- Systematic Desensitization.
6.Exposure therapies - Self-management
- Mindfulness based stress reduction
Who are the key theories in CBT? (REBT, CT, CBM)
- Albert Ellis
- Aaron Beck
- Donald Meichenbaum
What are key themes in CBT?
- Thoughts/Behaviors/Emotions
- A-B-C-D
- Automatic thoughts
- schemas
What influences Personality according to CBT?
Interplay of thoughts, emotions and behaviors
What influences pathology according to CBT?
- Negative Automatic Thoughts
- Cognitive distortions schema
- CBT triad
- irrational beliefs
- negative cognitive triad
What are 4 examples of techniques used in CBT?
- Reframing
- addressing negative thought patterns
- disputing irrational thoughts 4. stress inoculation training
Who is the key person involved in Third Wave CBT?
Steven Hays
What are the types of Post-Modern Therapies?
- Narrative
- Solution
- Feminist
- Postive Psychology
- Multicultural perspective
Who are the key people in post modern therapies?
- Insoo Kim Berg
- Steve de Shazer
- Michael White
- DavidEpston
What are the key themes in Post Modern therapies?
-Social constructionism
-Use of language create meaning
-Reality is socially constructed
-relative approach to understanding truth
-Problems exist external to
pt and influence pt.
-Socially storied lives
What is personality influenced by according to Post Modern Therapy?
- social context
- the narrative one tells themselves
In Post Modern therapies, what influences pathology?
- Solution-Problem saturated stories.
- Identifying with the problem
Innovative moments and unique outcomes are example of techniques used in what kind of therapy?
Narrative Therapy (Post Modern)
What kinds of techniques are used in Solution focused therapy?
- Miracle Question
- Scaling
- Exceptions
- Looking for what is working
- suspending personal judgement,
- externalizing
- alternative stories
- reauthoring
Who are the key people in Gestalt therapy?
- Fritz Perels
- Erving Polster
- Miriam Poster
What are the 10 key themes in Gestalt therapy?
- Expand Awareness
- Holism
- Field Theory
- Organismic Self-Regulation
- The now
- Empty chair
- Confrontation
- Internal Dialog Exercise
- Exaggeration Exercise
- Reversal Exercise
In what theory is the View of a person rooted in existential philosophy and phenomenology?
Gestalt Therapy
What is are 8 concepts of pathology according to Gestalt Therapy?
- Introjection
- Projection
- retroflection
- deflection
- confluence
- unfinished business
- impasse
- energy block
What are 5 concepts (or techniques) used in Gestalt psychotherapy?
- Awareness of moment helps people to self regulate
- people grow and change when they invest in who they are (not who they should be)
- phenomenological inquiring (paying attention to the now)
- Increase self-knowledge and awareness
- being able to make contact
Who are the key people in Feminist therapy?
- Jean Baker Miller
- Carol Zerbe Enns
- Olivia Espin
- Laura Brown
What are the key themes in Feminist Therapy?
- Integrates Feminist/multicultural/social justice concepts
- Personal is Political
According to Feminist Therapy, what influences personality?
- People are contextual
- important to consider the social/cultural/political context
What influences pathology in Feminist therapy?
-People’s problems are socially constructed
What are 3 kinds of techniques are used in Feminist psychotherapy?
- Egalitarian relationship
- increase awareness of gender-role socialization
- internalized messages of oppression
Who are the Key people in Family Systems Therapy?
- Murray
- Bowen
- Virginia
- Satir
What are 8 of the Key themes in Family System Therapy?
- Joining
- Boundary setting
- unbalancing
- reframing
- ordeals
- paradoxical interventions
- enactments
- multigenerational family therapy
What influences Personality in Family Systems Therapy?
- Structure
- Feedback Loops
- Homeostasis
What influences Pathology according to Family Systems Therapy?
- Enmeshment
- lack of differentiation
- defused boundaries
- rigid boundaries
What kinds of Techniques are used in Family Systems Psychotherapy?
- Understanding the family Process
- Reestablishing boundaries
- Joining
