Theories Of Labor (#11)

Question 1

What results in release of prostaglandins?

Answer 1

Uterine muscle stretching

Question 2

What stimulates the release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary gland (PPG)

Answer 2

Pressure on the cervix

Question 3

What initiates contractions?

Answer 3

Oxytocin stimulation, which works together with prostaglandins

Question 4

Increasing E in relation to P stimulates uterine contractions

Answer 4

Change in the ratio of Estrogen to Progesterone

Question 5

What triggers contractions at a set point?

Answer 5

Placental age

Question 6

This reduces progesterone formation & increases prostaglandin formation

Answer 6

Rising fetal cortisol levels

Question 7

What stimulates contractions?

Answer 7

Fetal membrane production of prostaglandin

Question 8

initiation of labor results from release of arachidonic acids produced by steroid action on lipid precursors. Arachidonic acid is said to increase prostaglandin synthesis which in turn causes uterine contractions

Answer 8

Prostaglandin Theory

Question 9

Pressure on the cervix stimulates the hypophysis to release oxytocin form the maternal posterior pituitary gland. As pregnancy advances, the uterus becomes more sensitive to oxytocin. Presence of this hormone causes the initiation of contraction of the smooth muscles of the body (body is composed of smooth muscles)

Answer 9

Oxytocin Theory

Question 10

The idea is based on the concept that any hollow body organ when stretched to its capacity will inevitably contract to expect its contents. Uterus is compared to a balloon of which if the point of elasticity is met, it will burst thus labor process occurs

Answer 10

Uterine Stretch Theory

Question 11

Because of decreased blood supply and functional capacity, the uterus starts to contract

Answer 11

Placental Degeneration Theory

Question 12

Decreased amount of progesterone initiates uterine contractions

Answer 12

Progesterone Deprivation Theory

Question 13

Premonitory signs of Labor
-these should be taught to women so they recognize when labor is beginning

Answer 13

1. Lightening
   2.Increase in level of activity
   3.Braxton Hicks Contractions
   4.Ripening of the Cervix
2. Slight loss of weight

Question 14

This is the descent of the fetal presenting part into the pelvis, approximately 10-14 days before labor begins

Answer 14

Lightening

Question 15

-Awaken on day of labor with full energy and due to increase in epinephrine release initiated by decrease in progesterone produced by the placenta.
-Prepares body for the work of labor ahead

Answer 15

Increase in Level of Activity

Question 16

Weeks or days before labor, extremely strong BH contractions occur (mistaken as true labor)

Answer 16

Braxton Hicks Contractions

Question 17

-Internal sign seen on pelvic examination and has consistency of an earlobe (GOODELL’S SIGN)
-at term, cervix becomes softer and tips forward

Answer 17

Ripening of the cervix

Question 18

Drop in progesterone levels cause increased excretion of body fluids.
Increased urine production can lead to a weight loss between 1-3 lbs.

Answer 18

Slight Loss of Weight

Question 19

Consistency of an earlobe is known as?

Answer 19

Goodell’s sign

Question 20

increased urine production can lead to a weight loss of ?

Answer 20

1-3 lbs

Question 21

This contraction begin and remain irregular

Answer 21

False contractions

Question 22

This contraction is felt 1st abdominally and remain confined to the abdomen in the groin

Answer 22

False contractions

Question 23

This contraction disappears with ambulation and sleep

Answer 23

False contractions

Question 24

This contraction does not increase in duration, frequency, or intensity

Answer 24

False contractions

Question 25

This contraction does not achieve cervical dilation

Answer 25

False contractions

Question 26

This contraction begins irregularly but become regular and predictable

Answer 26

True Contractions

Question 27

This contraction is felt 1st in the lower back and sweep around to the abdomen in a wave

Answer 27

True Contractions

Question 28

This contractions continues no matter what the woman’s level of activity

Answer 28

True contractions

Question 29

This contraction increase in duration, frequency, and intensity

Answer 29

True contractions

Question 30

This contraction achieves cervical dilation

Answer 30

True Contractions

Question 31

Signs of true labor include:

Answer 31

1.Uterine Contractions
2.Show
3. Rupture of the Membranes

Question 32

The surest sign that labor has begun is productive uterine contractions
and help mother predict the pattern and use breathing exercises to give a sense of control

Answer 32

Uterine contractions

Question 33

Cervix ripens and softens, and the mucus plug that filled the cervical canal during pregnancy is called

Answer 33

Operculum

Question 34

The blood mixes with mucus , having pink tinge and is referred to as

Answer 34

“show” or “bloody show”

Question 35

Occurs as a sudden gush or as scanty, slowly seeping of clear fluid from the vagina

Answer 35

Ruptures of the Membranes