Common Teratogens (#10)

Question 1

Any factor, chemical or physical, that adversely affects the fertilized ovum, embryo or fetus.

Answer 1

Teratogen

Question 2

Requirements for optimal health

Answer 2

• sound genes
• healthy intrauterine environment
• strength of the teratogen

Question 3

before implantation, zygote is destroyed or unaffected
during organogenesis very vulnerable
3rd trimester, the harm decreases

Answer 3

Timing of the insult

Question 3

2 exceptions to timing of the insult

Answer 3

syphilis and toxoplasmosis affect the fetus during pregnancy

Question 4

Has affinity for nervous tissue

Answer 4

lead

Question 5

Causes limb defects

Answer 5

Thalidomide

Question 6

Causes tooth enamel and bone deformities

Answer 6

Tetracycline

Question 7

-Involves Sexually Transmitted Infections or systematic infections
-Viral, bacterial, protozoan
-Cause mild, flulike symptoms, but have more serious affects on fetus and newborns

Answer 7

Teratogenic Maternal Infections

Question 8

Torch Infections include:

Answer 8

Toxoplasmosis
Syphilis
Hepatitis B virus
HIV
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes Simplex Virus

Question 9

Immunologic tests on the pregnant woman to identify fetal risk factors and on the newborn to detect antibodies vs the teratogens are present

Answer 9

Torch Screen

Question 10

Torch screen normal result

Answer 10

negative

Question 11

Positive IgM antibodies indicator of

Answer 11

recent or current infection

Question 12

Positive IgG indicates

Answer 12

maternal antibodies crossed the placenta

Question 13

abs mean

Answer 13

antibodies

Question 14

How does a fetus contract toxoplasmosis?

Answer 14

Through placental connection with infected mother

Question 15

How does a mother get affected with toxoplasmosis

Answer 15

-improper handling of cat litter
-handling or ingestion of contaminated meat

Question 16

Toxoplasmosis in infants causes ?

Answer 16

-CNS damage
-hydrocephalus
-microcephaly
-intracerebral calcification
-retinal deformities

Question 17

Medications for Toxoplasmosis

Answer 17

-Sulfonamides
-Pyrimethamine
-Spiramycin

Question 18

Maternal symptoms of rubella

Answer 18

• mild rash
• mild systematic illness

Question 19

Congenital rubella
Fetal damage from maternal infection

Answer 19

Deafness
Mental and Motor challenges
Cataracts
Cardiac Defects
Thrombocytopenic purpura
Dental & facial clefts

Question 20

If titer is > 1:8

Answer 20

mother is immune

Question 21

If < 1:8

Answer 21

susceptible to invasion

Question 22

A member of the Herpes Virus family that is transmitted by droplet infections from person to person

Answer 22

Cytomegalovirus

Question 23

Cytomegalovirus fetal symptoms:

Answer 23

Neurological damages
Eye damage
deafness
chronic liver disease
skin-covered with Petechiae

Question 24

Neurological damages from Cytomegalovirus

Answer 24

Hydrocephalus
Microcephaly
Spasticity

Question 25

Eye damage from Cytomegalovirus

Answer 25

optic atrophy
chorioretinitis

Question 26

Another name of Herpes Simplex Virus

Answer 26

Genital Herpes Infection

Question 27

Treatment for Genital Herpes

Answer 27

Iv Acyclovir
Oral Acyclovir (zorivax)

Question 28

Antibiotic used to treat syphilis

Answer 28

Benzathine penicillin

Question 29

Diagnosis for Syphilis

Answer 29

Serologic Screening (VDRL or Rapid Plasma Reagin)

Question 30

Newborn with syphilis

Answer 30

Congenital abnormalities
Extreme rhinitis (sniffles)
Characteristic syphilitic rash
Oddly Shaped Teeth

Question 31

Another term for Oddly shaped teeth

Answer 31

Hutchinson Teeth

Question 32

Mosquito that carried zika virus

Answer 32

Aedes aegypti

Question 33

Infection of Zika virus during pregnancy causes a birth defect called

Answer 33

Microcephaly