Common Teratogens (#10) Flashcards
Any factor, chemical or physical, that adversely affects the fertilized ovum, embryo or fetus.
Teratogen
Requirements for optimal health
- sound genes
- healthy intrauterine environment
- strength of the teratogen
before implantation, zygote is destroyed or unaffected
during organogenesis very vulnerable
3rd trimester, the harm decreases
Timing of the insult
2 exceptions to timing of the insult
syphilis and toxoplasmosis affect the fetus during pregnancy
Has affinity for nervous tissue
lead
Causes limb defects
Thalidomide
Causes tooth enamel and bone deformities
Tetracycline
-Involves Sexually Transmitted Infections or systematic infections
-Viral, bacterial, protozoan
-Cause mild, flulike symptoms, but have more serious affects on fetus and newborns
Teratogenic Maternal Infections
Torch Infections include:
Toxoplasmosis
Syphilis
Hepatitis B virus
HIV
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes Simplex Virus
Immunologic tests on the pregnant woman to identify fetal risk factors and on the newborn to detect antibodies vs the teratogens are present
Torch Screen
Torch screen normal result
negative
Positive IgM antibodies indicator of
recent or current infection
Positive IgG indicates
maternal antibodies crossed the placenta
abs mean
antibodies
How does a fetus contract toxoplasmosis?
Through placental connection with infected mother
How does a mother get affected with toxoplasmosis
-improper handling of cat litter
-handling or ingestion of contaminated meat
Toxoplasmosis in infants causes ?
-CNS damage
-hydrocephalus
-microcephaly
-intracerebral calcification
-retinal deformities
Medications for Toxoplasmosis
-Sulfonamides
-Pyrimethamine
-Spiramycin
Maternal symptoms of rubella
- mild rash
- mild systematic illness
Congenital rubella
Fetal damage from maternal infection
Deafness
Mental and Motor challenges
Cataracts
Cardiac Defects
Thrombocytopenic purpura
Dental & facial clefts
If titer is > 1:8
mother is immune
If < 1:8
susceptible to invasion
A member of the Herpes Virus family that is transmitted by droplet infections from person to person
Cytomegalovirus
Cytomegalovirus fetal symptoms:
Neurological damages
Eye damage
deafness
chronic liver disease
skin-covered with Petechiae
Neurological damages from Cytomegalovirus
Hydrocephalus
Microcephaly
Spasticity
Eye damage from Cytomegalovirus
optic atrophy
chorioretinitis
Another name of Herpes Simplex Virus
Genital Herpes Infection
Treatment for Genital Herpes
Iv Acyclovir
Oral Acyclovir (zorivax)
Antibiotic used to treat syphilis
Benzathine penicillin
Diagnosis for Syphilis
Serologic Screening (VDRL or Rapid Plasma Reagin)
Newborn with syphilis
Congenital abnormalities
Extreme rhinitis (sniffles)
Characteristic syphilitic rash
Oddly Shaped Teeth
Another term for Oddly shaped teeth
Hutchinson Teeth
Mosquito that carried zika virus
Aedes aegypti
Infection of Zika virus during pregnancy causes a birth defect called
Microcephaly
