Theories of Human Development Throughout the Lifespan Flashcards
Who is Erik Erikson?
Erikson was a developmental psychologist/psychoanalyst who was interested in psychosocial development throughout the lifespan.
What are Erikson’s 8 stages of development?
Personality development through the life course. Two outcomes: success leads to healthy personality development + interactions & failure leads to reduced ability and a low sense of self.
1 (birth to 1 yr): Trust vs. Mistrust
2 (1 yr to 3 yrs): Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
3 (3 yrs to 6 yrs): Initiative vs. Guilt
4 (6 yrs to puberty): Industry vs. Inferiority
5 (adolescence): Identity vs. Role Confusion
6 (young adult): Intimacy vs. Isolation
7 (middle adult): Generativity vs. Stagnation
8 (older adult): Ego Integrity vs. Despair
What is stage 1 of Erikson’s psychosocial development?
(birth to 1 yr): Trust vs. Mistrust
Infants depend on the caregiver and learn the ability to trust others based on the consistency of the caregiver.
Resolved: Trust- develops in self and others, leads to a sense of security when threatened; gains confidence and security in and around the world.
Unresolved: Mistrust- develops if the child is not loved or nurtured; develops anxiety, heightened insecurities..
What is stage 2 of Erikson’s psychosocial development?
(1 yr to 3 yrs): Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
A child asserts independence controls actions “me do it,” walks away from mother; begins to pick up toys, food, clothes.
Resolved:
Unresolved:
What is stage 3 of Erikson’s psychosocial development?
(3 yrs to 6 yrs): Initiative vs. Guilt
The child is capable of initiating activities, play games, and achieve goals.
Resolved:
Unresolved:
What is stage 4 of Erikson’s psychosocial development?
(6 yrs to puberty): Industry vs. Inferiority
The kid begins to develop a sense of pride in accomplishments, sees themselves in the world compared to others; initiates projects, and completes them.
Resolved:
Unresolved:
What is stage 5 of Erikson’s psychosocial development?
(adolescence): Identity vs. Role Confusion
Kids discover more independence; figure out future homes; form identity and are able to remain true to their beliefs.
Resolved:
Unresolved:
What is stage 6 of Erikson’s psychosocial development?
(young adult): Intimacy vs. Isolation
Young adults share themselves intimately; explore long-term relationships with those outside of the family.
Resolved:
Unresolved:
What is stage 7 of Erikson’s psychosocial development?
(middle adult): Generativity vs. Stagnation
The person establishes a career; settles down; begins family; develops a sense of being apart of a bigger picture.
Resolved:
Unresolved:
What is stage 8 of Erikson’s psychosocial development?
(older adult): Ego Integrity vs. Despair
Life begins to slow down and people begin to reflect on lives (regrets and pride); contemplate accomplishments.
Resolved:
Unresolved:
