Theories of Human Development

Question 1

What are the two types of psychoanalytic theories

Answer 1

Freud’s psychosexual theory and Erikson’s psychosocial theory

Question 2

What is Erikson’s psychosocial theory?

Answer 2

Included the role of the social world in shaping our sense of self + believes that there’s a crisis that ‘has to be resolved’

Question 3

What is Freud’s psychosexual theory?

Answer 3

Behaviour is driven by unconscious impulses outside our awareness - motivated by internal drive

Question 4

Name all five theories of development

Answer 4

1. Psychoanalytic theory
2. Behaviourist theories
3. Bandura’s Social Learning theory
4. Cognitive theory
5. Systems theory

Question 5

Behaviourist Theory : operant conditioning

Answer 5

Behaviour becomes more or less probable depending on its consequences (rewards and consequences) - SKINNER

Question 6

Behaviourist Theory : Social learning (THINK BOBO) (2)

Answer 6

1. People ACTIVELY process obs. info , then think ‘what do i think/feel about this’, then evaluate how this might influence their future behaviour
2. we learn through imitation - Bandura believes that we interact with our environment AND people, and that they influence each other greatly

Question 7

Classic conditioning (Pavlov)

Answer 7

person/animal come to associate environmental stimuli with physiological responses

Question 8

Cog theories (2)

Answer 8

1. Development and behaviour are the RESULT of thought of cognition
2. Cognitive advances lead to better judgement and more sophisticated cognitive schemas.

Question 9

Systems theory (think exosystem)

Answer 9

Emphasizes the role of social context in development + people are INSEPARABLE from the familial neighborhood, and societal contexts in which they live –> AFFECTS BEHAVIOUR