Theories in Counselling

Question 1

Psychodynamic Theories

Answer 1

Psychoanalysis

Individual Psychology
Analytic Psychology

Question 2

Psychoanalysis - Theorist

Answer 2

Sigmund Freud

Question 3

Psychoanalysis

Answer 3

to restructure the personality through the resolution of intrapsychic conflicts, Making the unconscious conscious

Question 4

Pschoanalysis - Techniques

Answer 4

• Free Association

* Dream analysis

Question 5

Individual Psychology - Theorist

Answer 5

Alfred Adler

Question 6

Individual Psychology

Answer 6

to gain an understanding of the clients and assess why they behave and think in certain ways.
People, according to Adler, need to be reoriented to be socially interested.

Question 7

Individual Psychology - Techniques

Answer 7

• Style of life analysis

* Spitting in the client’s soup

Question 8

Analytic Psychology - Theorist

Answer 8

Carl Jung

Question 9

Analytic Psychology

Answer 9

aims for individuation and client wholeness (acceptance of one’s over-all personality, the good and bad parts)

Question 10

Analytic Psychology - Techniques

Answer 10

• Dream analyses

* Word association

Question 11

Experiential Theories

Answer 11

Person-centered theory

Gestalt

Question 12

Person-centered theory - Theorist

Answer 12

Carl Rogers

Question 13

Person-centered theory

Answer 13

If some conditions are set in the counseling relationship, then the client can move towards self-actualization. (These conditions are shown in the techniques section)

Question 14

Person-centered theory - Techniques

Answer 14

• Counselor congruence
• Empathic understanding
• Unconditional positive regard

Question 15

Gestalt - Theorist

Answer 15

Fritz & Laura Perls

Question 16

Gestalt

Answer 16

Focuses on the here and now. The goal is awareness on the environment, of responsibility for choices, self, and self-acceptance

Question 17

Gestalt - Techniques

Answer 17

• Empty chair technique

* Assuming responsibility

Question 18

Cognitive-Behavioral Theories

Answer 18

Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy
Cognitive Therapy
Transactional Analysis

Question 19

Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy - Theorist

Answer 19

Albert Ellis

Question 20

Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy

Answer 20

It presupposes that outcomes or feelings are a product of thinking, which when clients have irrational beliefs, they lead to problematic consequences. Uses the ABCDE model (Do additional research for this model)

Question 21

Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy - Techniques

Answer 21

• Cognitive techniques
• Emotive techniques
• Behavioral techniques

Question 22

Cognitive Therapy - Theorist

Answer 22

Aaron Beck

Question 23

Cognitive Therapy

Answer 23

The focus of this is dysfunctional thoughts. Does not invalidate beliefs like REBT, but just investigates the whether the belief is useful or not.

Question 24

Cognitive Therapy - Techniques

Answer 24

• Decatastrophizing

* Decentering

Question 25

Transactional Analysis - Theorist

Answer 25

Eric Berne

Question 26

Transactional Analysis

Answer 26

Assists clients to become autonomous, self-aware, spontaneous, and have the capacity for intimacy. Assesses transactions between people.

Question 27

Transactional Analysis - Techniques

Answer 27

• Structural analysis

* Transactional analysis