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licensure exam > theories and techniques > Flashcards

theories and techniques Flashcards

1
Q

technique: creative hopelessness aka confronting the agenda

A

ACT

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2
Q

technique: metaphors

A

ACT

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3
Q

technique: name the story aka name the cognitive process

A

ACT

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4
Q

technique: mindfulness exercises

A

ACT

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5
Q

main idea: learn to accept life’s challenges/pain, identify personal values, and commit to behavior aligned with values

A

ACT

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6
Q

objective: cognitive defusion

A

ACT; creating distance between ct and their thoughts

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7
Q

objective: increase psychological flexibility

A

ACT

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8
Q

main idea: identifying and exploring faulty logic and life goals. develop sense of belonging

A

adlerian

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9
Q

technique: acting “as if”

A

adlerian

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10
Q

objectives:
- understand experiences that affected ct development and identify patterns
- interrupt negative patterns and encourage alternative behaviors
- self confidence, courage
- examine and encourage personal responsibility, take resp for change

A

adlerian

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11
Q

main idea: rebuild trust and security in relationships; goal based on client’s age (strengthening caregiver-child rel. vs developing healthy sense of self and rels.

A

attachment based

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12
Q

attachment-based objectives: infant/toddler

A

enhance early attachment, increase parenting strengths/resilience

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13
Q

attachment-based objectives: child/adolescent (family therapy)

A

improve communication, child expression, processing feelings, focus on improvement over problems

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14
Q

attachment-based objectives: adult (individual)

A
  • secure attachment with therapist
  • explore attachment style/patterns, and connection to current issues
  • self acceptance
  • strengthen relationships, better communication
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15
Q

technique: adult attachment interview

A

attachment-based

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16
Q

technique: inner child work

A

attachment-based

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17
Q

technique: play therapy

A

attachment-based (child/adolescent)

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18
Q

main idea: altering/modifying specific, observable behavior for more adaptive functioning

A

behavioral

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19
Q

objectives:
- increase frequency of desirable behavior, decrease freq. of undesirable behavior
increase motivation to complete a task
- self eval
- self awareness
- track progress
- increase social engagement and pleasurable experiences
- decrease avoidant behaviors, including phobia avoidance
- manage overwhelming tasks
- improve assertiveness and communication skills
- cope with stress, reduce anxiety, physical pain, and psychosomatic sxs

A

behavioral

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20
Q

technique: positive/negative reinforcement

A

behavioral

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21
Q

technique: self-monitoring

A

behavioral

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22
Q

technique: premack principle

A

behavioral
having a healthy behavior being the ‘cost’ of a pleasurable one; e.g. going on a 20 min walk to watch one tv show

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23
Q

technique: activity scheduling

A

behavioral

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24
Q

technique: graded task assignment

A

behavioral

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25
Q

technique: systematic desensitization

A

behavioral, part of exposure therapy - gradual exposure to phobia

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26
Q

technique: flooding

A

behavioral, part of exposure therapy - all at once exposure to phobia

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27
Q

technique: assertiveness training

includes broken/stuck record, i-statments, and flogging (ie. agreeing with someone when they point out something that bothers them about you, ex: “your house is such a mess, it really annoys me” “i agree, my house is messy right now and i get that you find it annoying”

A

behavioral

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28
Q

technique: relaxation training (e.g. progressive muscle relaxation)

A

behavioral

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29
Q

main idea: challenge and replace distorted thoughts with healthy alternatives through cognitive restructuring

A

cbt

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30
Q

objectives:
- identify distortions
- consider alternative causes for events or perspectives
- worst-case scenario
- observe thoughts, not believing they’re reality
- act out emotional interactions/conversations
- track thoughts, behaviors, and emotions

A

cbt

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31
Q

technique: socratic diologue

A

cbt

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32
Q

technique: reframe

A

cbt

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33
Q

technique: reattribution
(e.g. “is it possible there are other factors that lead to the incident?”

A

cbt

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34
Q

technique: decatastrophizing

A

cbt

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35
Q

technique: decentering/distancing
(ie not accepting thoughts as reality)

A

cbt

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36
Q

technique: modeling

A

cbt

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37
Q

main idea: recognize, accept, and manage strong emotions in a healthy way; learn skills to cope with distress, regulate emotions, and improve relationship

A

dbt

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38
Q

objectives:
- encourage nonjudgemental thoughts/observations
- reduce vulnerability to emotions
- decrease frequency of unpleasant emotions/emotional suffering
- manage emotional crises
- effective communication, assertiveness
- maintain healthy relationships, manage challenging ones
- challenge rigid thought processes

A

dbt

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39
Q

technique: wise mind

A

dbt mindfulness skills
ie balance “emotional mind” and “logic mind”

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40
Q

technique: “what” and “how” skills

A

dbt mindfulness skills
observe, describe, and engage in the “now”

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41
Q

technique: STOP

A

dbt emotional regulation
stop, take a step back, observe, and proceed mindfully

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42
Q

technique: opposite action

A

dbt emotional regulation
do the opposite of what your emotion is telling you to do, e.g. when sad, meet with friend instead of withdrawing

43
Q

technique: ACCEPTS

A

dbt distress tolerance skills
keep emotions manageable until resolved
activities, contributions, comparison, emotions, pushing away, thoughts, sensation

44
Q

TIPP

A

dbt distress tolerance
using body chem to calm down quick
tip the temp, intense exercise, paced breathing, pair muscle relaxation

45
Q

IMPROVE

A

dbt distress tolerance
tolerate unpleasant emotions until less intense
imagery, meaning, prayer, relaxation, one thing in the moment, vacation (mental)

46
Q

technique: radical acceptance

A

dbt distress tolerance
acknowledge what is; choose to hold onto pain or move forward

47
Q

technique: DEARMAN

A

dbt interpersonal effectiveness
effectively express/fulfill needs while connecting with others
describe, express, assert, reinforce, mindful, appear, negotiate

48
Q

technique: GIVE

A

dbt interpersonal effectiveness
nurture healthy relationship
be gentle, act interested, validate, use an easy manner

49
Q

technique: FAST

A

dbt interpersonal effectiveness
remain true to self while expressing thoughts/concerns
be fair, no apologies, stick to value, be truthful

50
Q

main idea: experiential learning that focuses on here-and-now awareness and resolving unfinished business

A

gestalt

51
Q

objectives:
- explores inner conflict
- integrate polarities
- resolve unfinished business
- accept “denied” attributes
- bring awareness to body language and contradictions in words, thoughts, feelings, and actions

A

gestalt

52
Q

technique: internal diaolgue aka empty chair aka role play

A

gestalt

53
Q

technique: dream work

A

gestalt

54
Q

technique: exaggeration
(e.g. “as you talk about your boyfriend, your hands are shaking. i want you to shake them even more and tell me what feelings come up”)

A

gestalt

55
Q

technique: stay with feeling

A

gestalt

56
Q

main idea: secular methodology, blending mindfulness training and cognitive therapy to manage distress, especially depression; taught in group setting

A

MBCT (mindfulness-based cognitive therapy)

57
Q

objective:
- being present
- bringing awareness to thoughts, feelings, and body
- shift from self-judgement to self-awareness
- cultivate attitude of acceptance
- disconnect self from thoughts and mood

A

MBCT (mindfulness-based cognitive therapy)

58
Q

technique: body scan

A

MBCT (mindfulness-based cognitive therapy)

59
Q

technique: guided imagery

A

MBCT (mindfulness-based cognitive therapy)

60
Q

technique: cognitive decentering
(e.g. “i’m a terrible person” becomes “i’m having a thought that i’m a terrible person”)

A

MBCT (mindfulness-based cognitive therapy)

61
Q

main idea: short-term program for addictions to increase client’s motivation to change

A

MET (motivational enhancement therapy)

62
Q

objectives:
- assess/monitor readiness to change
- evoke “change talk”
- reinforce self-motivational statements
- empower client
- take action to change
- deflect/defuse resistance

A

MET (motivational enhancement therapy)

63
Q

technique: motivational interviewing and open-ended questions

A

MET (motivational enhancement therapy)

64
Q

technique: develop a discrepancy
(e.g. “how does drinking and driving fit in with your desire to be a positive role model for your son?”

A

MET (motivational enhancement therapy)

65
Q

technique: roll with resistance
(e.g. “you’re saying you can’t quit drinking. that may be the case. you might decide that it’s worth it to continue drinking”)

A

MET (motivational enhancement therapy)

66
Q

technique: double sided reflection
(e.g. “you don’t think you’re an alcoholic, but you’re considering that it’s possible that your drinking is excessive and may be causing some health issues for you.”)

A

MET (motivational enhancement therapy)

67
Q

technique: emphasis autonomy/personal choice
(e.g. “in the end, the choice of whether to continue drinking or stop is really up to you. no one can make you do anything.”)

A

MET (motivational enhancement therapy)

68
Q

main idea: change a problem-saturate narrative into a healthier one

A

narrative

69
Q

objectives:
- understand how ct makes meaning of their experience
- create distance between self and problems
- examine issues objectively
- clarify story and problem
- identify contradictions to problem-saturated story
- re-author

A

narrative

70
Q

technique: externalization, personify the problem

A

narrative

71
Q

technique: mapping the effects

A

narrative

72
Q

technique: deconstruction
(clarifying the story/problem: e.g. “you mentioned that your husband doesn’t seem invested in your relationship anymore. can you give me an example of this?”)

A

narrative

73
Q

technique: uncover unique outcomes (ie exceptions to the story/problem)

A

narrative

74
Q

technique: therapeutic journaling

A

narrative

75
Q

main idea: create a strong therapeutic alliance to enable client’s self exploration; relationship-centered instead of technique-centered

A

person-centered

76
Q

objectives:
- enable self-understanding
- support client’s subjective experience
- establish trust and safety

A

person-centered

77
Q

technique: unconditional positive regard/acceptance

A

person-centered

78
Q

technique: genuineness/congruence

A

person-centered

79
Q

main idea: analyze client’s past to understand how it has shaped their current thoughts and behavior; focus is on bringing the unconscious to the conscious and enhancing ego functioning

A

psychoanalytic

80
Q

objectives
- identify repressed material
- uncover unconscious conflicts
- identify themes/patterns
- address and overcome opposition to therapy (resistance)
- explore relational patterns
- process unresolved conflicts

A

psychoanalytic

81
Q

technique: free association

A

psychoanalytic

82
Q

technique: dream analysis

A

psychoanalytic

83
Q

technique: analysis of resistance

A

psychoanalytic

84
Q

technique: analysis of transference

A

psychoanalytic

85
Q

main idea: emphasize choice, personal responsibility, and taking action to meet needs

A

reality

86
Q

objectives:
- encourage reflection and personal responsibility
- identify needs and explore behavior
- assess willingness to change
- change behavior

A

reality

87
Q

technique: WDEP model

A

reality
explore Wants and needs, examine life Direction, self-Evaluation, make Plans

88
Q

main idea: challenging irrational thoughts will lead to emotional and behavior change

A

REBT (rational emotive behavior therapy)

89
Q

objectives:
- interrupt self-defeating thoughts/beh
- alter rigid expectations
- take accountability for emotions
- change perspective
- overcome fears
- create new emotional patterns
- train ct to feel healthy emotions
- increase tolerance for discomfort and risk taking
- challenge need for approval
- reduce shame
- challenge extreme view/rule
- question “awfulizing” belief
- confidence in ability to adapt

A

REBT (rational emotive behavior therapy)

90
Q

technique: “blow up” technique
(e.g. “imagine giving a speech and the audience starts throwing tomatoes at you until a fight ensures. lets really get creative and imagine what happens next!”)

A

REBT (rational emotive behavior therapy)

91
Q

technique: shame-attacking
(e.g. fear of drawing attention to self, “go to grocery store with brightly colored shirt”)

A

REBT (rational emotive behavior therapy)

92
Q

technique: reverse roleplaying aka devils advocate
(e.g. client thinks therapy will be a waste, “you’re probably right, therapy can be a hard process and idk if its a good idea for you”)

A

REBT (rational emotive behavior therapy)

93
Q

technique: time projection
(e.g. “you’re worried about oversleeping and missing a meeting, you believe it would be “horrible”. imagine this happens tomorrow, what would you do? how would you feel 6 months from now?”

A

REBT (rational emotive behavior therapy)

94
Q

main idea: therapist helps clients change by focusing on solutions to problems; therapy is present and future-oriented

A

solution focused brief therapy

95
Q

objectives:
- gather info about current problem
- identify wants for future
- develop goals
- visualize success
- validate whats going well/working
- rate problem, measure distance from goal and progress
- identify strengths and resources

A

solution focused brief therapy

96
Q

technique: miracle question aka magic wand question

A

solution focused brief therapy

97
Q

technique: scaling question

A

solution focused brief therapy

98
Q

technique: exception question

A

solution focused brief therapy

99
Q

main idea: everyone has an innate search for meaning in life; focuses on identifying meaning, even amidst challenging times, to give a sense of purpose and, in turn, a source of strength

A

logotherapy (frankl)

100
Q

term: self-transcendence

A

logotherapy
def: the process of moving beyond one’s own personal needs, striving towards higher goals that are outside oneself. encourages clients to take ownership, make responsible choices, and re-focus on what is meaningful to them

101
Q

main ideas:
- pscyhological dysfunction and mental illness are non-existent
- focus is on here-and-now
- humans are free and responsible
- making choices that you take full responsibility for are central to becoming a healthy human

A

existential

102
Q

4 themes of existential therapy

A

death, freedom and responsibility, isolation, meaninglessness

103
Q
A

licensure exam (3 decks)

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