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MFT Board Exam > Theories > Flashcards

Theories Flashcards

1
Q

Phases of Therapy:
Beginning: Join with family; both accommodate to and challenge rules of family system; assessment/mapping of hierarchy, alignments, and boundaries; reframing of problem to include whole system

A

Structural Family Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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2
Q

Phases of Treatment:

End: Work through termination and abandonment issues. Consolidate interpretations. Review insights gained in therapy

A

Object Relations Psychodynamic Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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3
Q

Phases of treatment:
Beginning: Establish safe and supportive therapeutic relationship; Complete a functional analysis to assess and define the problem and negative thought patterns; Educate and explain this therapy; Set collaborative goals.

A

CBT (Phases of treatment)

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4
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs through finding philosophical meaning in the face of anxiety by choosing to think and act authentically and responsibly. The core question addressed in this type of therapy is “How do I exist?” in the face of uncertainty, conflict, or death.

A

Existential Therapy (Theory of Change)

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5
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs by separating patient from problem and creating a new narrative or story, which emphasizes the client’s competencies and strengths.

A

Narrative Therapy (Theory of Change)

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6
Q

Phases Of Treatment:
Early/Middle: The problem is externalized; Mapping the influence/effects of the problem; Identify/explore unique outcomes; Re-author story; Enlist a witness

A

Narrative Therapy (Phases of treatment)

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7
Q

Phases Of Treatment:
Middle: Placing client experience into a mytho-poetic lens, looking at images, myth, story, imagination and archetypal patterns within the conscious and unconscious happenings of the clients life. Looking for meaning by orienting one’s experience into the greater human story.

A

Depth Psychology Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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8
Q

Treatment Goals:
Restructure family system to allow for symptom relief and constructive problem solving
Change dysfunctional transactional patterns and create new ways of relating
Help create flexible boundaries

A

Structural Family Therapy (Treatment Goals)

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9
Q

Treatment Goals:
Developing self-cohesion and self-esteem.
Locating better self objects

A

Self Psychology Psychodynamic Therapy (Treatment Goals)

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10
Q

Phases of Therapy:

Middle: Highlight and modify interactions; utilize enactments of issues to challenge participants and unbalance system

A

Structural Family Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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11
Q

Treatment Goals:

The goal is for clients to improve their emotional and cognitive regulation.

A

DBT (Treatment Goals)

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12
Q

Phases Of Treatment:

Beginning: Client is invited to tell their Problem-Saturated Stories — the reason client is seeking therapy

A

Narrative Therapy (Phases of treatment)

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13
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Beginning: Establish a holding environment. Build rapport and therapeutic alliance through listening, exploration of client’s experience, empathy, and maintaining neutrality.

A

Object Relations Psychodynamic Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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14
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs through changing irrational beliefs to rational beliefs, improves clients’ emotional and behavioral functioning.

A

REBT (Theory of Change)

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15
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs through empathetic attunement and strengthening the self-structures through optimal responsiveness.

A

Self Psychology Psychodynamic Therapy (Theory of Change)

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16
Q

Treatment Goals:

The goal is for clients to increase congruent communication, improved self-esteem/confidence and personal growth

A

Satir Communications Therapy (Treatment Goals)

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17
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Beginning: Establish rapport, a sense of equality and hope. Assess communication patterns, stances, and concerns. Identify treatment focus and goals.

A

Satir Communications Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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18
Q

Phases Of Treatment:

End: Document and support new story; Write letter to self and others

A

Narrative Therapy (Phases of treatment)

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19
Q

treatment Goals:
Client learns more effective ways of meeting his or her needs
Clients learn to engage in self-evaluation
Clients gain a sense of inner control of their lives
Clients learn to change what they do as a key to Changing how they feel and getting what they want.

A

Reality Therapy (Treatment Goals)

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20
Q

Phases Of Treatment:
Beginning: Invitation and exploration of material the client brings to therapy, including relational situations, dreams, experience, imaginings etc.

A

Depth Psychology Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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21
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Beginning: Define the problem; determine how the client understands the problem; assess family’s destructive patterns of relating and communicating the continued problem; state goals — what behaviors need to change and what would be the signs of change

A

Strategic Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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22
Q

Treatment Goals:
Help clients alter illogical beliefs and thinking patters in order to overcome psychological problems and mental distress.

A

REBT (Treatment Goals)

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23
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Middle: Encourage self-understanding and insight through interpretation. Clients are positively encouraged to overcome their feelings of insecurity through therapist’s optimism. Collaboratively explore ways in which client can feel more deeply connected in his social context. Support client to turn dysfunctional styles of life into more functional, socially beneficial ones.

A

Adlerian Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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24
Q

Treatment Goals:
Solve the presenting problems
Change dysfunctional patterns of interaction
Interventions

A

Strategic Therapy (Treatment Goals)

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25
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Beginning: Create a family diagram of multigenerational emotional connections;
assess individuals’ levels of differentiation and triangulation; identify dysfunctional
patterns that have been passed along through the generations

A

Bowen Family Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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26
Q

Stages of Treatment:
1. Establish a holding environment.
2. Build rapport and therapeutic alliance through listening, exploration of client’s
experience, empathy, interpretation, and maintaining neutrality.
3. Promote insight and growth; increase individuation.
4. Work through termination/abandonment issues.

A

Psychodynamic Theory (Stages of Treatment)

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27
Q

Phases of Treatment:

End: Reflect on treatment process. Acknowledge and process issues related to termination.

A

Self Psychology Psychodynamic Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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28
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Middle: Review attempted solutions; assign ordeals; prescribe the problem; relabel behavior; instruct client to respond to the problem in a new way

A

Strategic Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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29
Q

Treatment Goals:
Deconstruct problem-saturated stories in order to create more helpful stories.
Re-authoring the story—having a new story emerge.

A

Narrative Therapy (Treatment Goals)

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30
Q

Phases of Treatment:

End: Finding a deeper meaning through a spiritual existence

A

DBT (Phases of treatment)

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31
Q

Theory of Change:
• Change occurs by helping the system view the family as the problem rather than
an individual as the problem.
• The family system becomes the focal point of therapeutic interventions.

A

General Systems Theory (Theory of Change)

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32
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Beginning: Join with client competencies; Envision preferred future; begin to identify client’s strengths; use solution-oriented language; come up with achievable goals.

A

Solution-Focused Therapy (Phases of treatment)

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33
Q

Phases of Treatment:

End: Plan for maintenance of new behavior; plan for future challenges; emphasize positive changes made.

A

Strategic Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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34
Q

Theory of Change : Change happens through mindfulness, developing skills to manage distress tolerance and emotional regulation, and improving interpersonal problem solving skills. Emphasis on accepting uncomfortable thoughts instead of struggling with them.

A

DBT (Theory of Change)

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35
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs by learning to modify dysfunctional thought patterns. Once a patient understands the relationship between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, s/he is able to modify or change the patterns of thinking to cope with stressors in a more positive manner.

A

CBT (Theory of Change)

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36
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Early: Establish a therapeutic holding environment. Demonstrate that the therapist is able to provide containment. Provide “experience-near” empathy. Explore client’s problem and history.

A

Self Psychology Psychodynamic Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

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37
Q

Phases of Treatment:

End: Review new skills and knowledge gained in therapy

A

Bowen Family Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

38
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Middle: Increase the family’s congruent communication. Support and strengthen each individual’s sense of uniqueness and self-esteem.

A

Satir Communications Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

39
Q

Treatment Goals:
The goal is for clients to become aware of what they are doing, how they are doing it, and how they can change themselves, and at the same time, learn to accept and value themselves.

A

Gestalt Therapy (Treatment Goals)

40
Q

Treatment Goals:
Client discovers his own life meaning
Client confronts anxiety inherent in living
Client experiences agency and responsibility in the construction of their life

A

Existential Therapy (Treatment Goals)

41
Q

Theory of Change: Change happens through the existential encounter — the authentic meeting of the therapist and the client in the present moment and by expanding the client’s range of experience.

A

Experiential/Symbolic Therapy (Theory of Change)

42
Q

Treatment Goals:

The goal is for growth and increased flexibility.

A

Experiential/Symbolic Therapy (Treatment Goals)

43
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs through exploring and integrating material from both unconscious and conscious levels of understanding. Unconscious processes include dreams, images, symptoms, intuitions and other non-volitional experiences.

A

Depth Psychology Therapy (Theory of Change)

44
Q

Phases of Treatment
End: Repair occurs during the late middle phase and the end of treatment. Repair stage of the therapy aims to alter the patient’s current reactions to the events that cause them emotional distress by sharing their own interpretations of the event. By sharing their own subjective interpretation, the therapist helps create a new reality of the painful events for the patient in order to get rid of unwanted emotions and reactions.

A

Attachment-based Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

45
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs by creating conditions for the client to grow through the
therapeutic relationship with the presence of three essential components: congruence/genuineness, unconditional positive regard, and empathy. A humanistic theory.

A

Client/Person-Centered Therapy (Theory of Change )

46
Q

Treatment Goals:
Uncover and interpret unconscious impulses and defenses against them.
Examine client’s self-awareness and understanding of the influence of the past
on present behavior.
Examine unresolved conflicts and symptoms that arise from past dysfunctional
relationships and manifest themselves in the need and desire to abuse
substances.
Allow the client to access painful feelings in a safe environment, experience the
true feelings, and resolve the inner conflict.
Examine early relationships, attachments and interactions to discover what
issues from the family or origin might be projected in current family relationships.

A

Psychodynamic Theory (Treatment Goals)

47
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Early/Middle: Teach and model differentiation through communication skill
building; de-triangulation; encourage reunification from cutoff family member;
teach the family how to take responsibility for their feelings and thoughts

A

Bowen Family Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

48
Q

Change occurs through insight and understanding of early, unresolved issues.

A

Psychodynamic Theory (Theory of Change)

49
Q

Phases of Treatment:
End: Assist client to identify things they can do to continue the changes they have made; Identify hurdles or perceived barriers that could get in the way of the
changes they made.

A

Solution-Focused Therapy (Phases of treatment)

50
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Beginning: Establishing the Relationship: Therapists seek to make person-to-person contact with clients rather than starting with “the problem.” Therapists start by helping clients become aware of their assets and strengths. Completes assessment using early recollections, questionnaires, and family constellations. Summary is shared with client. Focus is on dynamics that may have influenced the sense of self, inferiority and the world.

A

Adlerian Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

51
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs by understanding multigenerational dynamics and differentiation.

A

Bowen Family Therapy (Theory of Change)

52
Q

Treatment Goals:
Challenge the client’s basic premises and life goals
Develop socially useful goals and increase social interests
Increase the client’s sense of belonging

A

Adlerian Therapy (Treatment Goals)

53
Q

Phases of treatment:

End: Review gains; Identify skills learned; Rehearse for new situations; anticipate future struggles.

A

CBT (Phases of treatment)

54
Q

Phases Of Treatment:
End: Integration of unconscious material often marked by acceptance of taboo subjects and previously discarded aspects of the personality. Acknowledgement
of self-awareness and inner wisdom.

A

Depth Psychology Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

55
Q

Phases of treatment:
Beginning: Provide psychoeducation about this therapy. Identify underlying irrational thought patterns and beliefs and the resulting feelings and behaviors.
Middle: Once these underlying feelings have been identified, the next step is to challenge these mistaken beliefs. In order to do this, the therapist must dispute these beliefs using very direct and even confrontational methods. Ellis suggested that rather than simply being warm and supportive, the therapist needs to be blunt, honest, and logical in order to push people toward changing their thoughts and behaviors. Clients are also encouraged to change unwanted behaviors using such things as meditation, journaling, and guided imagery.
End: Review progress made and apply learned skills to anticipated future struggles.

A

REBT (Phases of treatment)

56
Q

Theory of Change:
Change occurs through both reparative experiences within the treatment relationship and from new insight into and modification of entrenched object relations pathology.

A

Object Relations Psychodynamic Therapy (Theory of Change)

57
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs through action-oriented directives and paradoxical interventions.

A

Strategic Therapy (Theory of Change)

58
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs through restructuring the family’s organization.

A

Structural Family Therapy (Theory of Change)

59
Q

Treatment Goals:
Reduce anxiety and emotional turmoil in family system
Self-differentiation within the context of family
Decrease emotional fusion
Improve communication skills
Decrease recurrence of dysfunctional patterns
Reduce emotional reactivity
Facilitate detriangulation

A

Bowen Family Therapy (Treatment Goals)

60
Q

Treatment Goals:
Move the system towards an equilibrium.
Assist clients in identifying conflicts that are currently affecting them.
• Assist the family in exploring and recognizing defense mechanisms that help them deal with dysfunctional family behaviors or patterns.

A

General Systems Theory (Treatment Goals)

61
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Beginning: Create a therapeutic environment — both supportive and challenging; Ask clients what they want from therapy: discuss direction of their lives; define
the wants of the client
Middle: Explore choices client is making in current relationships; Identify other possible choices; encourage client to focus on what they can control, formulate
action plan for change
End: Review what client learned; plan for maintenance of new behavior

A

Reality Therapy (Phases of treatment)

62
Q

Treatment Goals:
Raise awareness of client’s problematic behavioral and emotional patterns, formed in early childhood as attempts to maintain attachment to primary
caregivers
Repair the capacity to regulate affects
Resolve any emotional or social disruptions within the patient’s life
Improve quality of attachment with others

A

Attachment-based Therapy (Treatment Goals)

63
Q

Phases Of Treatment:
End: Integration of unconscious material often marked by acceptance of taboo subjects and previously discarded aspects of the personality. Acknowledgement
of self-awareness and inner wisdom.

A

Depth Psychology Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

64
Q

Treatment Goals:
Client implements small and large changes to achieve their preferred future
Client builds on current strengths and resources

A

Solution-Focused Therapy (Treatment Goals)

65
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs by increasing client’s self-awareness, and challenging and modifying his or her fundamental premises, life goals, and basic concepts.

A

Adlerian Therapy (Theory of Change)

66
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs through exploration of past and current relational attachments and trauma in the environment of a healing, secure and reliable relationship.

A

Attachment-based Therapy (Theory of Change)

67
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs through increased awareness of here-and-now experience in a dialogic relationship. Both existential and humanistic.

A

Gestalt Therapy (Theory of Change)

68
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Middle: Repair disruptions of the self-object transference. Addressing enactments. Empathizing with losses and blows to self. Mourning loss of self-objects. Mourning ambitions and fantasies. Identify alternative self-objects.

A

Self Psychology Psychodynamic Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

69
Q

Phases of Treatment
Beginning: Attunement is the key intervention in the early stage and consists of forging of a personal relationship between the therapist and the patient. The
therapist provides a secure base by reliably demonstrating empathy and care. Collaboratively identifying client’s “attachment style,” that is, problematic
behavioral and emotional patterns, formed in early childhood as attempts to maintain attachment to primary caregivers.

A

Attachment-based Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

70
Q

Phases of Therapy:

End: Review progress made; reinforce structural change; provide tools for future

A

Structural Family Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

71
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Middle: Fuller emotional experiencing; support the client to learn to live; define life goals, build self-respect, and find peace and happiness

A

DBT (Phases of treatment)

72
Q

Treatment Goals:
Patients learn to recognize negative patterns of thought, evaluate their validity, and replace them with healthier ways of thinking.
Patients’ symptoms or problems are relieved.
Patients develops positive coping skills and strategies

A

CBT (Treatment Goals)

73
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Middle: Develop sense of cohesion. Create alternative interactions. Highlight inappropriate boundaries. Role play situations. Use play and “craziness”

A

Experiential/Symbolic Therapy (Phases of treatment)

74
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs through identifying and meeting needs as well as developing satisfying interpersonal relationships.

A

Reality (Theory of Change)

75
Q

Phases of Treatment:
End: Putting insights into practice. Encouraging clients to take risks with new behaviors to act as if they are the people they want to be.

A

Adlerian Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

76
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Beginning: Move client from being out of control to achieving behavioral control. Mindfulness and distress tolerance skills are taught. Focus on addressing self-
harming behaviors

A

DBT (Phases of treatment)

77
Q

Phases of Treatment:
End: Highlight accomplishments and reflect on growth. Identify possible block to future growth. Role play future scenarios. Each member expresses feelings about their experience of therapy.

A

Experiential/Symbolic Therapy (Phases of treatment)

78
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Middle: Promote insight and growth through interpretation. Confront resistance and primitive defense mechanisms. Focus on transference/countertransference
dynamic. Identify and process projective identification.

A

Object Relations Psychodynamic Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

79
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Middle: Identify strengths, resources and traits client already has used to deal with problem; Utilize solution-talk; Identify exceptions to problems; Utilize scaling questions to reflect on the nature of change the client has experienced; Feedback to clients that include compliments and tasks; catch and highlight small
changes; compliments / cheerleading.

A

Solution-Focused Therapy (Phases of treatment)

80
Q

Theory of Change: Change occurs through accessing client’s strengths and resources. Emphasizes finding solutions to a problem, not on discovering the cause or origins of the problem.

A

Solution-Focused Therapy (Theory of Change)

81
Q

Phases of Treatment
Middle: Disruptions are explored in the middle phase. Disruptions include those in the early life of the client as well as those in current relationships, including the
relationship with the therapist. Support client’s ability regulate and express emotions in relationally difficult situations, teaching clients to have a reflective stance toward themselves.

A

Attachment-based Therapy (Phases of Treatment)

82
Q

Theory of Change: Change happens through self-awareness and improved communication. A humanistic approach.

A

Satir Communications Therapy (Theory of Change)

83
Q

Treatment Goals:
Self-acceptance
Congruence between client’s idealized and actual selves
Increased self-understanding
Decreased levels of defensiveness, insecurity, and guilt
More positive relationships and increased comfort with others
Increased ability to experience and express feelings in the here and now

A

Client/Person-Centered Therapy (Treatment Goals)

84
Q

Treatment Goals:
Increase self-awareness and inner wisdom.
Integration of repressed experiences and shadow material.
The goal is often referred to as individuation: a process that fosters self-awareness through inner and outer exploration of the unconscious, the individual and the wider community. Through individuation, one discovers a more potent sense of meaning and purpose in life.

A

Depth Psychology Therapy (Treatment Goals)

85
Q

Treatment Goals:
Providing reparative experiences and building new internal structures.
Gaining insight to how past relationships impact client’s functioning
Improving relationships with self and others

A

Object Relations Psychodynamic Therapy (Treatment Goals)

86
Q

Phases of treatment:
Middle: Identify negative thought patterns; Uncover negative schemas; Assign homework to self- monitor thoughts and moods and behaviors; Label cognitive distortions; Reframe thoughts; Learn and practice new skills and behaviors.

A

CBT (Phases of treatment)

87
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Beginning: Engage family as authentic person. Battle for structure. Encourage all members to attend. Family wins battle of initiative. Gather information about boundaries, coalitions, roles and level of conflict

A

Experiential/Symbolic Therapy (Phases of treatment)

88
Q

Theory of Change:
Change occurs through awareness, acceptance, reflection, and
regulation of emotions.
Views emotion as an agent of change.

A

Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (Theory of Change)

89
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Initial/De-escalation Phase: Assessment of core issues from attachment perspective. Identify the negative
interactional cycle that maintains distress and attachment issues. Access and acknowledge the underlying emotions that perpetuate the negative interactional cycle. Reframe the problem in terms of the cycle, underlying emotions, and attachment needs (the cycle is the enemy rather than the partner).

A

Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (Phases of treatment)

90
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Middle/Restructuring: Access fears, needs, and aspects of self and integrate into relationship interactions. Promote acceptance of the partner’s new construction of experience and new interactional behavior. Facilitate the expression of needs/wants to create emotional engagement.

A

Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (Phases of treatment)

91
Q

Phases of Treatment:
Late/Consolidation/integration: Facilitate new solutions to old problems. Consolidate new relational positions
and new cycles of attachment behavior.

A

Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (Phases of treatment)

92
Q

Treatment Goals:
Learn how to be more adaptive with feelings, memories, thoughts, and physical sensations that have previously been feared or avoided.
Develop new kinds of interactions within the couple system and foster secure bonding between partners.

A

Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (Treatment Goals)

MFT Board Exam (4 decks)

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