Theories Flashcards
Narrative therapy theory of change
Theory-separating patient from the problem and creating a new narrative or story which emphasizes client’s strengths.
Narrative therapy role of the therapist
Collaborator
Investigator
Co- author
Views client as expert on their own lives
Takes individuals culture into account ; SO, gender religion
Narrative therapy treatment goals
De-construct problem saturated stories in order to create more helpful stories
Re-authoring the story- having a new story emerge
Narrative therapy interventions
Externalizing the problem
Social constructivism
Deconstructive questions
Mapping the influence - detailed description of the problems effect on the person
Identifying unique outcomes - times in clients life when they have been able to resist the influence of the problem.
Enlisting a witness
Writing a letter to self or others to reauthor the story
Narrative therapy Phases of treatment
Beginning - client is invited to tell their problem saturated stories ( reason for treatment)
Middle- the problem is externaliZed . Mapping the influence / effects of the problem, identify explore unique outcomes - reauthor story, enlist witness
End phase -document and support new story , write a letter to self or other.
Post modern therapies
Narrative therapy
Solution focused therapy
Solution focused theory of change
Change occurs through accessing clients strengths and resources - emphasizes finding solutions to a problem , not on discovering the cause or origins of the problem .
Solution focused Therapist’s role
Therapist is a consultant , coach
Solution focused treatment goals
Client implements small and large changes to achieve their preferred future
Client builds on current strengths and resources
Solution focused interventions
Miracle questioning
Scaling questions - client is asked to rate problem on scale and ask how they would move up and down the scale
Presupposing change - asking questions focusing on progress
Coping questions- how have you coped?
Affirmations/ compliments - affirming how hard it is for the client to even come to therapy for example .
Solution focused phases of treatment
Beginning - join with client competencies, envision preferred future , begin to identify clients strengths , use solution oriented language ; come up with achieveable goals
Middle - identify strengths, resources and traits client has already used to deal with problem, utilize solution talk, identify exceptions to problems , utilize scaling questions to reflect on change, compliment client / cheerlead.
End- assist client to maintain change, identify hurdles or perceived Barriers.
What does a systems therapist do?
A systems therapist looks at the client in the context of the system (the family and culture).
Systems therapies- What does homeostasis mean?
Homeostasis is a family’s predictable pattern of function . Often times the symptom is supported by families homeostasis. When interventions are introduced there is going to be a stage of disequilibrium until family finds a new homeostasis.
Systems- Bowen therapy- what is the theory of change?
Change occurs by understanding multigenerational dynamics and increasing differentiation.
Bowen ( systems) family therapy- therapists role?
Coach / educator - on how problems have been transmitted.
Supervisor
Investigator - of dynamics
Neutral - not taking sides- making members talk directly to each other.
Bowen (systems) family therapy; treatment goals
Reduce anxiety ( anxiety / tension when family is in crisis) heightened arousal due to family problem
Self differentiation
Decrease emotional fusion - family members have different feelings
Bowen ( systems ) therapy; key concepts
Triangles
Differentiation of self - seeing yourself as a distinct other with different thoughts and emotions
Nuclear family emotional system - one persons emotional state affects others in the family
Family projection process - how parents project their emotional problems onto a child
Multigenerational transmission process- differences in differentiation over time
Emotional cutoff - cutting someone off from family due to u resolved emotional issues.
Genogram - assessment and treatment tool- family graph
Bowen ( systems ) family therapy interventions
Therapist has a non anxious secure presence
Reframing
Genogram
De-triangulation
Increasing differentiation
Teaching I statements
Opening cut off relationships
Interrupting arguments / escalation
Therapist models new ways to communicate and interact
Bibliotherapy- assigning reading material
Bowen phases of treatment
Beginning - create genogram of emotional connections , differentiation , triangulation , and identify any dysfunctional patterns.
Early/ middle - teach and model differentiation through communication skill building , detriangulation , encourage reunification from cutoff fam members , teach fam how to take responsibility for their feelings and thoughts
End - review new skills and progress. Overview of family projection process and when to use new skills learned - i statements , differentiate.
Strategic therapy ( systems ) theory of change
Change occurs through action oriented directives and paradoxical interventions .
Strategic therapy - role of therapist
Delivers directives that facilitate change , particularly around patterns of communication
Focused on solving problem / eliminating symptoms
Designs a specific approach for each persons presenting problems.