Theories

Question 1

What is structural?

Answer 1

Human behaviour being understood in context of the social system

Question 2

What are the therioes in structural?

Answer 2

1. Functionalism
2. New Right
3. Marxism
4. Feminism

Question 3

What is Social Actions?

Answer 3

Small groups and individuals focus on people as social who have agency

Question 4

What is Consensus

Answer 4

An agreement

Question 5

What is conflcit

Answer 5

An disagreement

Question 6

What is involved in a consensus

Answer 6

1. Functionalism
2. New right

Question 7

What is involved in a conflict?

Answer 7

1. Marxism
2. Feminism

Question 8

What is Functionalism?

Answer 8

Macro structura theory focuses of a social system as a whole and how it shapes main feature of society

Question 9

What did Durkheim say about Functionalism?

Answer 9

Society was like a human body made up of various factors like the organ of the body that is needed to function properly

Question 10

Parsons (1970)

Answer 10

Identifies three similarities between society and biological organisms:

1. System
2. System needs
3. Function

Question 11

What is system?

Answer 11

Organisms such as the human body and society self-regulating system which interdependent parts that fit together

Question 12

What is system needs?

Answer 12

Social system has basic functions and if these functions are not met, then society will not survive

Question 13

Two critical elements in functionalists

Answer 13

Primary socialisation - learning values about family and community through the family

Secondary socialisation - learning the wider values in society through education, media etc.

Question 14

What is social control?

Answer 14

rewarding conformity e.g those following the rules of norms and values. Negative punishments who defy agains’t norms

Question 15

What are the key functionalists?-

Answer 15

• Talcott Parsons
• Davis and Moore
• Young and Wilmott
• Robert Merton
• Walt Rostow

Question 16

What is New Right?

Answer 16

A range of government policies associate with welfare creating the value of consensus and ensure social solidarity

Question 17

What is the key New Right?

Answer 17

Family

Question 18

What’s wrong with New Right?

Answer 18

• Criticism comes from conflict theories built fundamental conflict
• Looks through “rose-tinted glasses” too optimistic
• may lack objectivity

Question 19

What is Marxism?

Answer 19

the political and economic theories of Karl Marx that focus on the inequalities in society based on social class differences

Question 20

What are the key ideas of Marxism?

Answer 20

• Saw the harm caused by morden industrial society
• Believed it was possible to understand society scientifically
• Revolutionary socialist whose ideas formed the bias communist

Question 21

Another word for “ruling class” (Marxist)

Answer 21

Bourgeisie

Question 22

Another word for “working class” (Marxist)

Answer 22

Proletariat

Question 23

What is feminism?

Answer 23

Perspective/ social movement that views contemporary society as being natural patriarchal (dominated by men)

Question 24

what is a liberal feminist?

Answer 24

One that achieves the gender equality through political and legal reform of liberal democracy and informed by a human right perspective

Question 25

What is a marxist feminist?

Answer 25

The ways which women are exploited through capitalism ad individual ownership of private property

Question 26

What is a radical feminist?

Answer 26

Views of society fundamentally as a patriarchy in which men dominates and oppress women

Question 27

What is wrong with feminism?

Answer 27

- Not all aspects of society are based on conflict - Contemporary society is arguably too complex to be defined by one central conflict - Feminism ignores a crisis of masculinity