Theories Flashcards
Order of Erickson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development
- Trust vs Mistrust
- Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt
- Initiative vs Guilt
- Industry vs Inferiority
- Identify vs Confusion
- Intimacy vs Isolation
- Generativity vs Stagnation
- Integrity vs Despair
What age does Trust vs Mistrust occur?
Infancy to 1 year
What virtue results from Trust vs Mistrust?
Hope
Description of Trust vs Mistrust
Trust (or mistrust) that basic needs, such as, nourishment and affection, will be met.
What age does autonomy vs shame/doubt occur?
1-3 years
What virtue comes from autonomy vs shame/doubt?
Will
Description of autonomy vs shame/doubt
Develop a sense of independence in many tasks.
What age does initiative vs guilt occur?
3-6 years
What virtue comes from initiative vs guilt?
Purpose
Description of initiative vs guilt.
Take initiative on some activities- may develop guilt when unsuccessful or boundaries overstepped.
What age does industry vs inferiority occur?
7-11 years.
What virtue comes from industry vs inferioirty?
Competence
Description of industry vs inferiority.
Develop self-confidence in abilities when competent or sense of inferiority when not.
What age does identity vs confusion occur?
12-18 years.
What virtue comes from identity vs confusion?
Fidelity.
Describe identity vs confusion.
Experiment with and develop identity and roles.
What age does intimacy vs isolation occur?
19-29 years.
What virtue comes from intimacy vs isolation?
Love
Describe intimacy vs isolation.
Establish intimacy and relationships with others.
What age does generativity vs stagnation occur?
30-64 years.
What virtue comes from generativity vs stagnation?
Care
Describe generativity vs stagnation.
Contribute to society and be part of a family.
What age does integrity vs despair occur?
65+
What virtue comes from integrity vs despair?
Wisdom
Describe integrity vs despair?
Assess and make sense of life and meaning of contributions.
Pre-encounter Stage in Racial Development Theory
The client may not be consciously aware of their culture, race, or ethnicity and how it may affect their life.
Encounter Stage in Racial Development Theory
A client has an encounter that provokes thought about the role of cultural, racial, and ethnic identification in their life. For minorities, this experience is often a negative one in which they experience discrimination for the first time.
Immersion-Emersion Stage of Racial Development
A period of exploration when a client may search for information and will also learn through interaction with others from the same cultural, racial, or ethnic groups.
Phases of Grief
- Reacting
- Reconstructing
- Reorienting
Reacting in Phases of Grief
Clients work to reestablish safety, trust, and survival
Reconstructing in Phases of Grief
Clients focus on validation and understanding of their emotions
Reorienting in Phases of Grief
Clients focus on reinventing themselves
Five Stages of Couples Development
- Romance
- Power Struggle
- Stability
- Commitment
- Co-creation
Romance in Couples Development
Discovering common interests, getting to know one another, and forming attachments.
Power Struggle in Couples Development
Pursuit of differentiation, or seeing yourself as an individual within a couple. During this stage, the individuals begin to see that their partner has flaws and that they are different.
Stability in Couples Development
Reached when each partner feels secure in their sense of self and not threatened in their identity by the couplehood.
Commitment in Couples Development
Follows a period of stability and emphasizes a couple knowing that the positive elements of the relationship outweigh the bad and they want to be together.
Co-creation in Couples Development
Couples reach a place of consistent success and emphasize mutual support, value, and respect.
8 Stages of Family Development Theory
- Family of origin experiences
- Leaving home
- Premarriage
- Childless couple
- Family with young children
- Family with adolescents
- Launching children
- Later family life
Family of Origin Experiences in Family Development
Education is completed, foundations of family are established.
Leaving Home in Family Development
Differentiation from family of origin, developing intimate relationships, starting work.
Premarriage in Family Development
Finding a partner, developing a stable relationship, establishing a home with one another.
Childless Couple in Family Development
Establishing family norms, adjusting family of origin relationships.
Family with Young Children in Family Development
Adjusting family dynamics to include children, shifting into parent roles, assisting children in relationship development
Family with Adolescents in Family Development
Allowing children increased autonomy, establishing mid-life relationships, focusing on career
Launching Children in Family Development
Adjusting to life as empty-nesters, bringing in-laws into family circle, managing death in family of origin, resolving midlife issues
Later Family Life in Family Development
Adjusting to physiological decline, managing grief and loss, preparing for death
Humanistic Theory
Emphasizes the importance of personal growth, self-actualization, and realization of one’s potential.
Trait Theory
Focuses on identifying and measuring specific personality traits that individuals possess.
Psychodynamic Theory
Focuses on unconscious motivations and conflicts.
Five Phases of Professional Development
- Orientation and job induction
- Autonomous worker
- Member of a team
- Development of a specialization
- Preparation to be a mentor and/or supervisor.
