Theories

Question 1

Authoritarianism theory

Answer 1

• strong central authority, government control, limited individual freedoms for societal stability
  = maintain order and prevent chaos
• high taxes to fund government control
• high gov intervention in all aspects of life
• suppresses individual freedoms, potential for abuse of power

Question 2

Utilitarianism theory

Answer 2

• maximise overall happiness
  = promote overall well being and societal welfare
• progressive taxation to fund social programs
• support for equity
• gov intervenes for social welfare and utility
• may sacrifice individual rights for collective happiness

Question 3

Libertarianism theory

Answer 3

• minimal gov intervention, individual liberty, property rights
  = maximise personal freedom and economic efficiency
• property rights prospected
• only gov intervention when enforcing property rights
• low, minimal tax and government services
• can lead to inequality, neglects social safety nets

Question 4

Egalitarianism

Answer 4

• equal distribution of resources and opportunities, social unjust
• address systemic inequalities and promote fairness
• Karl marx advocated for a classless society without private ownership
• progressive taxation to fund social programs
• gov intervene to reduce social disparities