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NCE > Theories > Flashcards

Theories Flashcards

0
Q

201
Sigmund Freud is the father of p.a., which is both a form of treatment and a very comprehensive personality theory. According to Freud’s theory, inborn drives (mainly sexual) help form the personality, ____ and ____, who originally worked with Freud, created individual psychology and analytic psychology, respectively

a Jung, Adler
b Adler, Jung
c Breuer, Brill
d Adler, May

A

b

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1
Q

203
In transactional analysis, the _____ is the conscience, or ego state concerned with moral behavior, while in Freudian theory it is the ___

a adult, unconscious
b parent, ego
c parent, superego
d parent, id

A

c

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2
Q

204
Freud felt that successful resolution of the Oedipus complex led to the development of the superego. This is accomplished by

a identification with the aggressor, the parent of the same sex
b analysis during the childhood years
c identification with the parent of the opposite sex, the aggressor
d transference

A

a

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3
Q

205
Freudians refer to the ego as

a executive administrator of the personality and the reality principle
b the guardian angel of the mind
c the pleasure principle
d the seat of libido

A

a

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4
Q

206
Freud’s theory speaks of Eros and Thanatos. A client who threatens a self-destructive act is being rued primarily by

a Eros
b Eros and id
c Thanatos
d both Eros and Thanatos

A

c Thanatos

Thanatos is Greek for death
Eros is the Greek god of love of life

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5
Q

217
Id, ego, superego is to structural theory as ____ is to topographical theory

a Child, Adult, Parent
b abreaction, catharsis, introspection
c ego ideal
d unconscious, preconscious, conscious

A

d

topographical = the mind is like an iceberg

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6
Q

238
Organ inferiority relates mainly to the work of

a Jung’s analytical psych
b Adler’s individual psych
b Freud’s p.a. theory
c Breuer’s work on hysteria

A

b

individual stressed the unique qualities we each possess. Individual psych is keen on analyzing organ inferiority and methods in which the individual attempts to compensate for it

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7
Q

241
Jung used drawings balanced around a center point to analyze himself, his clients, and dreams. He called them

a mandalas
b projective drawings
c unconscious automatic writing
d eidetic imagery

A

a

mandala = Hindu writing symbol for meditation, magic protective circle that represents self-unnification

eidetic imagery = the ability of a young child to remember minute details of a scene or picture for an extended period of time

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8
Q

242
______ emphasized the drive for superiority

a Jung
b Adler
c Constructivist therapists
d Freud and Jung

A

b

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9
Q

244
In contrast with Freud, the neo-Freudians emphasized

a baseline measures
b social factors
c unconditional positive regard
d insight

A

b social

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10
Q

245
The terms introversion and extroversion are associated with

a psychoanalysis
b Freud
c Adler
d Jung

A

d

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11
Q

246
The personality types of the Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator MBTI are associated with the work of

a psychoanalysis
b Freud
c Adler
d Jung

A

d

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12
Q

247
One of Adler’s students, Rudolph Dreikurs

a created the TAT
b was the first to discuss the use of group therapy in private
c was a noted Freud hater
d created the hierarchy of needs

A

b

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13
Q

252
Common archetypes include

a the persona
b animus, anima, self
c shadow
d all of the above

A

d

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14
Q

254
During the professional staff meeting, a counselor says he is worried that if techniques are implemented to stop a 6 year old boy from sucking his thumb, then he will begin bitting his nais or stuttering. The counselor

a is using the logic set forth in gestalt therapy
b is using Meichenbaum’s CB model
c is most likely a behaviorist concerned with symptoms substitution
d is most likely an analytically trained counselor concerned with symptom substitution

A

d

behaviorist do not believe in the concept of symptom substitutionn

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15
Q

256
The word eclectic is most closely associated with

a Thorne
b Freud
c Piaget
d Skinner

A

a

Frederick C Thorne

16
Q

260
Existentialism is to logotherapy as ____ is to behaviorism

a operants
b associationism
c Skinner
d Socrates

A

b

17
Q

261
Skinner’s reinforcement theory elaborated on
a Thorndike’s law of effect
b Adler’s concept of lifestyle
c Lazarus’s concept of the BASIC ID used in the multimodal therapeutic approach that is eclectic and holistic
d symptom substitution

A

a

the law of effect asserts that responses accompanied by satisfaction will be repeated while those which produce unpleasantness or discomfort will be stamped out

18
Q

264
Skinner’s operant conditioning is also refereed to as

a instrumental learning
b classical conditioning
c cognitive learning
d learning via insight

A

a

Skinner has an i
instrumental has an i
Pavlov (classical) does not have an i

19
Q

263
An association that naturally exists, such as an animal salivating when food is presented is called

a an operant
b conditioned
c unconditioned
d acquisition period

A

c

conditioned = learned
unconditioned = unlearned
20
Q

267
Negative reinforcement requires the withdrawl of an aversive (negative) stimulus to increase the likelihood that a behavior will occur. Negative reinforcement is not used as often as positive reinforcement and

a is really the same as punishment
b effectively lowers the frequency of behavior in young children
c is not the same thing as punishment
d is a psychodynamic conceptualization

A

c
negative reinforcement is not punishment.
all reinforcers raise or strengthen the probability that a behavior will occur. punishment lowers it.

21
Q

269
In Pavlov’s famous experiment using dogs, the bell was the ___, and the meat was the ____.

a CS, UCS
b UCS, CS
c CR, UCS
d UCS, CR

A

a

“In the US we eat a lot of meat.” In the Pavlovian experiment, the US or UCS is unconditioned (unlearned) stimulus (the meat).

22
Q 
270
The most effective time interval between the CS and US is
a irrelevant
b 5 seconds
c .05 
d .5 or 1/2 second
A

d

23
Q

272
Several graduate students in counseling trained a poodle to salivate using Pavlov’s classical conditioning paradigm. One day the department chairman was driving across campus and honked his horn. The poodle elicited a salivation response. What had happened?

a experimental neurosis
b extinction
c stimulus generalization or what Pavlov termed irradiation
d stimulus discrimination

A

c

NCE (4 decks)

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