Human Growth Flashcards
4
The statement, “the ego is dependent on the id”, would most likely reflect the work of
a. Erik Erickson
b. Sigmund Freud
c. Jay Haley
d. Arnold Lazarus, William Perry, and Robert Kegan
b
3 The only psychoanalyst who created a developmental theory which encompasses the entire life span was a. Erik Erikson b. Milton H. Erickson c. A. A. Brill d. Jean Piaget
a
46 Kohlberg lists \_\_\_ stages of moral development which fall into \_\_\_ levels. a. 6,3 b. 6,6 c. 3,6 d. 3,3
a
52 Theorists who believe that developmental merely consists of quantitative changes are referred to as a. organismic theorists b. statistical developmentalists c. empiricists d. all of the above
c
57
A mother hides a toy behind her back and a young child does not believe the toy exists anymore. The child has not mastered
a. object permanence
b. reflexive response
c. representational though (object consistancy)
d. a and c
d
65 A child who focuses exclusively on a clown's red nose but ignores his or her other features would be illustrating the Piagetian concept of a. egocentrism b. centration c. formal abstract reasoning d. deductive processes
b
67
Piaget’s preoperational stage
a is a final stage, which incldes abstract reasoning
b includes mastering conservation
c includes the acquisition of a symbolic schema
d all of the above
c
68
Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson agreed that
a. each developmental stage needed to be resolved before and individual could moe on to the next stage
b. developmental stages are primarily psychosexual
c. developmental stages are primarily psychosocial
d. a person can proceed to a higher stage even if a lower stage is unsolved
a
41
Stage theorists assume
a. qualitative changes between sages occur
b. differences surely exist but usually can’t be measured
c. that humanistic psychology is the only model which truly supports the stage viewpoint
d. b and c
a
70 A counselor who is seeing a 15 yr old boy who is not doing well in public speaking class would need to keep in mind that
a. in general, boys have better verbal skills than girls
b. in general, girls possess better verbal skills than boys
c. in general, boys posses better visual-perceptual skills
d. b and c
d
71
A sequence of object loss, which goes from protest to despair to detachment, best describes the work of
a. Freud
b. Adler on birth order
c. Erikson
d. Bowlby
d
73
A preschool child’s concept of causality is said to be animistic. This means the child attributes human charactistics to inanimate objects. Thus, the child may fantasize that an automobile or a rock is talking to him. This concept is best related to
a. Carl Jung’s concepts of anima, animus
b. Freud’s wish fulfillment
c. Piaget’s pre-operational period, age 2 to 7 years
d. ego identity
c
74
Elementary school counseling and guidance services
a. have been popular since the early 1900’s
b. because popular during WWII
c. are a fairly new development which did not begin to gain momentum until the 1900’s
d. none of the above
c
76
According to the Yale research by Daniel J. Levinson
a. Erickson’s gerativity vs stagnation stage simply doesn’t exist
b. Eighty percent of the men in the study experienced moderate to severe midlife crisis
c. an “age30 crisis” occurs in men when they feel it will soon be too late to make later changes
d. b and c
d
79
Sensorimotor is to Piaget as oral is to Freud, and as ___ is to Erikson
a. .integrity vs despair
b. Kohlberg
c. trust vs mistrust
d. play therapy
b
80
Which theorist was most concerned with maternal deprivation?
a. A. Lazarus
b. H. Harlow
c. J. Wolpe
d. A. Ellis
b
81
When development comes to a halt, counselors say that the client
a. has “learned helplessness” syndrome
b. suffers from phobia
c. suffers from fixation
d. is displaying the risky shift phenomenon
c
84
The statement, “Bad behavior is punished, good behavior is not,” is most closely associated with
a. Kohlberg’s premoral stage at the preconventional level
b. Kohlberg’s conventional level
c. the work of Carl Jung
d. Piagets autonomous stage, which begins at about age 8
a
89
To research the dilemma of self-actualization, Maslow
a. used goslings as did Konrad Lorenz
b. psychoanalyzed over 400 neurotics
c. worked exclusively with schizophrenics in residential settings
d. interviewed the best people he could find who escaped “the psychology of the average.”
d
90
Piaget is
a. a maturationist
b. a behaviorist
c. a structuralist who believes stage changes are qualitative
d. cognitiv-behavioral
c
92
Piaget referred to the act of taking in new information as assimilation. This results in accommodation, which is a modification of the child’s cognitive structures (schemas) to deal with the new information. In Piagetian nomenclature, the balance between assimilation and accommodation is called
a. counterbalancing
b. equilibration
c. balance theory
d. ABA design
b
93
There are behavioral, structural, and maturational theories of development. The maturational viewpoint utilizes the plant growth analogy, in which the mind is seen as being driven by instincts while the environment provides nourishment, thus placing limits on development. Counselors who are maturationists
a. conduct therapy in the here-and-now
b. focus primarily on nonverbal behavior
c. believe group work is most effective
d. allow clients to work through early conflicts
d
95
Robert Kegan speaks of a “holding environment” in counseling in which
a. the client is urged to relive a traumatic experience in an encounter group
b. biofeedback training in highly recommended
c. the client can make meaning in the face of a crisis and can find new direction
d. the activity of meaning making is discouraged
c
