theoretical foundations Flashcards
Components of a Theory
Phenomenon • Concepts
• Definitions
• Assumptions
the term, description, or label given to describe an idea or responses about an event, a situation, a process, a group of events, or a group of situations. Ex: caring, self-care & patient response to stress
phenomenon
the words or phrases that identify, define, and establish structure and boundaries for ideas generated about a particular phenomenon
concepts
communicate the general meaning of the concepts of a theory
definitions
“taken-for-granted” statements that explain the nature of the concepts, definitions, purpose, relationships, and structure of a theory. Assumptions are accepted as truths and are based on values and beliefs
assumptions
Focuses on the effective interaction between the patient and the nurse
Peplau: THEORY OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP
Nursing as a “humanistic discipline that emphasizes the person’s adaptive or coping abilities”
Roy: ROY’S ADAPTATION MODEL
The nurse prescribes & regulates the nursing system based on the patient’s self care deficit
Orem: SELF-CARE THEORY
Goal of nursing is to help people attain a higher level of harmony within the mind-body-spirit
Watson: THEORY OF CARING
a patient’s environment, which Nightingale believed nurses should manipulate (e.g., ventilation, light, decreased noise, hygiene, nutrition) so nature is able to restore a patient to health. Increasing health and comfort~
Nightingale: FIRST NURSING THEORY:
Nurses perceive patients as being more important than their disease; a patient is viewed as a collection of subsystems that form an overall behavioral system focused on meeting basic drives of achievement, affiliation, aggression/protection, dependence, elimination, ingestion, sex, and restoration. The goal of nursing is to help the patient attain/maintain balance, function, and stability in each of the subsystems
Johnson: GRAND THEORY OF BEHAVIORAL SYSTEM
Types of touch
Non contact touch
Task-oriented touch
Caring touch
Protective touch
Designed to provide guidance to nursing education programs for curriculum development for the preparation of a graduate who will provide safe, competent and compassionate care.
the Differentiated Essential Competencies (DEC’s)
“Caring is a concept central to professional nursing practice. Caring is related to this Essential encompasses the nurse’s empathy for, connection to, and being with the patient, as well as the ability to translate these affective characteristics into compassionate, sensitive, and patient-centered care.”
BSN Essential VIII definition of caring
Role of baccalaureate generalist
- Provider of care
* Designer/manager/coordinator of care • Member of a profession
