THEO 231: test

Question 1

Sacred

Answer 1

-set apart for the divine
-sacrifice
-ritual purity

Question 2

profane

Answer 2

-everyday objects etc.
-no special link to god
-ritual impurity

Question 3

ritual purity/impurity

Answer 3

ritual purity:
-something being in an appropriate state for encountering the divine
-sacrifice
-not sinful in itself
ritual impurity
- substances that communicate a contagion which places one in a state that is inappropriate for encountering the divine.
-reproductive fluids, death/corpses/ skin diseases

Question 4

moral impurity

Answer 4

-results of acts so unimaginable and heinous that they confer defilement on people and places.
-consequence of grave sin
-not contagious
-does not exclude one from the sanctuary

Question 5

tabernacle

Answer 5

-earthly place where ancient Israelites can communicate with YHWH
-portable
-all sacrifices of slaughtered animals should be done at the tabernacle

Question 6

ark of the covenant

Answer 6

-most sacred relic of the Israelites
-has the ten commandments and Aaron’s rod
-chest covered in gold

Question 7

whole burnt offering

Answer 7

-tribute to god
-whole animal is to be burned in the tabernacle
-the blood of the animal is sprinkled around the alter
-forgave sins around Israel and kept it pure

Question 8

Aaron (high priest)

Answer 8

?

Question 9

levites

Answer 9

?

Question 10

holiness code

Answer 10

• Leviticus 17-26
  -dramatic emphasis put on the Holiness of Israel and the promised land
  -assumes the rules about purity, sacrifice and the holiness of the sanctuary articulated in Exodus25, and Leviticus takes it further

Land: whole land of Israel is holy; YHWH will remove Israel from the land if enough moral impurities accumulate.

all slaughtered animals need to be offered as sacrifice at the temple/tabernacle

Ethics: laws that have to do with the poor, disability, foreigners, economic integrity, divination, inappropriate mixtures, and treatment of daughters.

Laws about sexual relations and homosexual intercourse

Question 11

centralization of the cult (sacrifice)

Answer 11

Deuteronomy only authorizes sacrificial worship at the central sanctuary (“the place where YHWH your God will choose to set his name”). Other worship sites are associated with Indigenous Canaanite worship and condemned.

Question 12

Joshua

Answer 12

-the story of the Israelite possession of Canaan
-The lord tells Joshua to go to the promised land
-three parts: Conquest of Canaan, distribution of land among the Israelite tribes, and Joshua’s farewell address and death

Question 13

Jericho

Answer 13

-conquest of Jericho
-showpiece of the conquest in Joshua
-all the Israelites were circumcised before proceeding to attack Jericho
-Joshua had a vision before the attack on Jericho from a figure identified as “commander of the army of the Lord”
-Israelites marched around the city for 6 days, with seven priests bearing seven trumpets of rams’ horns before the ark. on the seventh day, the priests make a blast on the ram’s horns and all the people shout and then the walls fall down.

Question 14

Judge/Chieftan (role)

Answer 14

-“then the lord raised up chieftains who delivered them from those who plundered them.”
-primarily military leaders chosen for the task of dealing with a crisis because their abilities are recognized.
-after crisis has passed, the judge will continue to rule Israel for the rest of his life
-might be called upon to act in a judicial capacity by judging cases

Question 15

Ehud

Answer 15

-second judge
-Benjaminite
-freedom fighter/rebel leader
-kills king Eglon of Moab, runs way after killing the king
-kills the king through deception, pretends he has a message from God and then kills him.
-left handed: “sinister”

Question 16

Deborah

Answer 16

-prophetess but acts as a judge
-accompanies the warrior judge Barak into battle where she tells him “For the lord will give Sisera [enemy] into the hand of a woman”

Question 17

Yael

Answer 17

-kills Sisera by luring him into her tent and killing him while he slept
- woman, not an Israelite
-helped bring victory against Jabin

Question 18

Sisera

Answer 18

-general under Jabin
-led siege against Israel
-fled and sought refuge in Yael’s tent where he was killed
-caused the loss of Jabin’s forces against Barak

Question 19

Eli

Answer 19

-one of the last judges
-high priest
-called a judge but is not a charismatic warlord like the others,

Question 20

Samuel (person)

Answer 20

-one of the last judges
-not a charismatic warlord
-has a prophetic call and is given prophecy against his predecessor, the high priest Eli
-described a as man of integrity
-negative view of kingship, described as rejection of the kingship of YHWH
-steps aside for the king Saul but they don’t get along
-Saul doesn’t listen to Samuel’s instructions about sacrifices connected to battle preparations; doesn’t slaughter who Samuel says to slaughter
-Samuel prophecies the shift in power from Saul’s family to another family
-anoints new king, David.

Question 21

David

Answer 21

-unexpected champion against the Philistine Goliath.
-military success
- after securing his accession to the throne, David wants to build God a temple.
-YHWH tells a prophet (Nathan) he cannot.
-God will give David a dynasty instead.
-basis for the idea of the promise of a Davidic dynasty
-basic idea is an unconditional covenant of grant
-David is called God’s son.
-Demise
-David sleeps with Bathsheba; puts a hit out on her husband
-his children are messed up.
-one son SA’s his half-sister. Her brother takes vengeance on him, but David does not act. Later rebels and causes a civil war
-conflict between two possible heirs after he dies.

Question 22

Saul

Answer 22

-anoints himself as king
-chosen by a lot
Saul doesn’t listen to Samuel’s instructions about sacrifices connected to battle preparations; doesn’t slaughter who Samuel says to slaughter
-eventually dies in battle

Question 23

Jonathan

Answer 23

• son of the King Saul
  -hero in the battle against the Philistines
  -breaks oath against father (not to eat before battle) but he was rescued instead of executed
  -friends with David
  -dies alongside his father

Question 24

Amnon

Answer 24

-crown prince (son of David)
-rapes his half-sister and then dismisses her after what he did.
-fakes being sick and asks for his half-sister to take care of him. When she appears before him, he held her down and raped her.
-coached by Jonadab (his cousin)
-advised him on how to get his half-sister at his mercy.

Question 25

Tamar

Answer 25

-daughter of David; half-sister to Amnon and sister to Absalom.
-was raped by her half-brother
- went to Absalom for help, who killed Amnon and fled from Jerusalem.

Question 26

Bathsheba

Answer 26

David has an affair with Bathsheba and then sets up her husband, Uriah, for death in battle.
After she mourns the death of her husband, David takes her and marries her.
She was Pregnant with Solomon, future heir to the throne

Question 27

Samaria

Answer 27

-northern kingdoms: 10 tribes -> Israel
-hill that was fortified by Omri, capital of Israel from that time forward.

Question 28

Nathan

Answer 28

Prophet who supported Solomon’s approval to be a legitimate king.

Question 29

Micaiah ben Imlah

Answer 29

-prophet who works by himself
- king Ahab doesn’t like Micaiah as Micaiah never agrees with what the king thinks.
-messenger tells Micaiah to have his word be favorable to what the king’s other prophets have said but Micaiah doesn’t share the vision.
-he has a vision of Israel scattered like sheep without a shepherd, king will be killed in battle.
-he says that the other 400 prophets have a spirit who is deceitful to the king
- the king imprisons him until the outcome of the battle, if the king returns, then Micaiah dies
-king dies in battle

Question 30

Elijah

Answer 30

• performs miracles to prove that YHWH is the one true God
  -acts by the power of YHWH
• “the God who answers with fire is the indeed God”
  -mocks the prophets of Baal and suggests that their god is asleep
  -Elijah produces fire by pouring water on the offering and in a trench
  -Elijah seizes his advantage by having all of the prophets of Baal slaughtered

Question 31

Elisha

Answer 31

-prophet
- anoints Jehu
-successor to Elijah, task of prophecy
-is a consultant to kings, such as if Hazael should be appointed as a king
-skin disease story
-Naaman asks King for help with his skin disease, king sends him to Elisha.
-Elisha sends a messenger to tell Naaman to go rinse in the river which cures Naaman of his disease
-Naaman offers payment as a thank you but Elisha refuses, the messenger takes the payment and then is cursed with the disease.

Question 32

Jeroboam

Answer 32

-first king of northern Israel
-led ten tribes
-leader after Solomon

Question 33

Josiah

Answer 33

-king of the southern kingdom: 2 tribes- Judah and Benjamin
-major reforms
-destroyed the high places
-implemented Deuteronomistic laws
-worshipping YHWH only and only in Jerusalem
-Deuteronomists say that he did what was good in the eyes of YHWH

Question 34

Ahab

Answer 34

-son of King Omri
-one of the worst rulers in ancient Israel
-did more to provoke the Lord than those before him
-was not Deuteronomist as he worshipped other gods

Question 35

Jezebel

Answer 35

-Ahab’s wife
-the advent of Ahab and Jezebel sets the stage for major confrontation between the devotees of YHWH and the cult of Baal, and the first sustained discussion of prophecy in the Hebrew Bible.

Question 36

Isaiah

Answer 36

-son of Amoz
- prophet
-has a vision of the Lord on a throne- “YHWH of hosts”
-says he is a man of unclean lips, living among unclean people and so he is unworthy to see the lord
-God forgives him by touching his lips with burning coal
-volunteers to do the Lord’s bidding- to lead the people the wrong way.

Question 37

Jeremiah

Answer 37

-son of Hilkiah
-prophet
-God touched Jeremiah’s mouth
-presented as “a prophet like Moses
-is raised up by YHWH and given his words to speak, in accordance with the Deuteronomic model in Deuteronomy