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theo 231 Flashcards

1
Q

Origen of Alexadria

A

-Jewish Philosopher c. 25 BCE
-used allegorical methods of interpretation to understand the Hebrew Bible
-Body: literal, plain sense meaning
-soul: allegorical sense
-spirit: moral sense of scripture

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2
Q

Novum Instrumentum (erasmus)

A
  • written by Desiderius Erasmus
    -new translation of the new testament based on Greek manuscripts
    -1516
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3
Q

Baruch (benedict) Spinoza

A

-Spanish converso, 1632-1677
-enlightenment thinker that elaborated on IBN Ezra’s argument

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4
Q

Mekilta de Rabbi Ishmael

A

-collection of rules of Interpretation
-used to denote a compilation of scriptural exegesis

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5
Q

John Calvin’s Genesis Commentary

A
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6
Q

W. M. L. De Wette’s Dissertatio Critica

A

-1804
-assumption that the Pentateuch has multiple authors, none of which are Moses
-believes Deuteronomy has a different author

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7
Q

City of David

A

-Gilhon spring: water source for ancient Jerusalem
-small hilly spur to the south of the temple mount

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8
Q

gilhon spring

A

water source for ancient Jerusalem

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9
Q

agrarian

A

-jerusalem was an agrarian city
-the rhythms of life were set by agriculture
-based fundamentally on the health of the land and of living creatures

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10
Q

gezer calendar

A

-2 months of ingathering
-2 months of sowing
-2 months of planting
-a month for the cutting
-a month for the harvesting of barley
-a month of harvesting and measuring
-2 months of pruning
-a month of gathering the late summer fruit

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11
Q

four room house

A

-downstairs: storage, domestic animals, processing of agricultural produce, food preparation, metallurgy, or textile production
-every space devoted to agrarian needs
-sleeping upstairs

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12
Q

stepstone structure

A

-predates the 8th century BCE
-probably a support for a citadel like space for the jebusites and early israelite occupation

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13
Q

Adam

A

-“man”
-made from dust and the “breath of life”
-tend the garden
-first man

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14
Q

Sabbath

A

-God rests after creating the universe into six days
-day of rest

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15
Q

Atrahasis myth

A

-creation and flood
-high gods create lesser gods to do their labor
-lesser gods revolt causing the creation of humans (created by mixing a god’s blood with clay)
-humanity becomes too populous so Gods plan on eliminating humans
-one god taught Atrahasis how to avoid flood and plague
-Gods starve w/o sacrifices so Atrhasis offers a sacrifice
-revised form of population control

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16
Q

Enuma Elish

A

-creation comes out of the conflicts between the Gods
-Marduk slays tiamet and her corpse creates the world
-Marduk becomes king of the Gods

17
Q

etiology

A

a story which explains the cause of something

18
Q

Abraham (Abram)

A

told by God to go to the promised land and that he will be blessed and all of his offspring will be blessed

19
Q

Hagar

A

-egyptian slave of Sarah and Abraham
-was gifted to Abraham by Sarah to produce an Heir
-conflict b/w Sarah and Hagar; Abraham withdraws himself from the matter
-pregnant Hagar is driven into the wilderness

20
Q

Ishmael

A

-Hagar and Abraham’s son
-first son of Abraham

21
Q

Sarah/sarai

A

-Abraham’s wife
-mother of isaac

22
Q

Isaac

A

-son of Abraham and Sarah
-God appeared to him and told him to go to the promised land
-established an oath with God (same as Abraham) that his offspring will be blessed if he listened to God

23
Q

Rebecca

A

-wife of Isaac
-mother of Jacob

24
Q

Jacob

A

-God appeared to Jacob and blessed him
-was promised the land that Abraham and Isaac had before him
-offspring will be blessed
-God changed his name to Israel

25
wives of Jacob
Rachel, Leah, Zilpah, Bilhah
26
Joseph
-One of Jacob's sons -his brothers planned for his murder -sold him to ishmaelites -staged his death by soaking his clothes in blood
27
Hermann Gunkel
-argued that Gensis 12-50 is not histroy but legend instead -legend focuses on the personal rather than the public sphere - "form criticism"
28
J,E,P, and D
J- Revelation at the mountain takes place at "Sinai". Covenant. Visual theophany to select groups. Outcome is YHWH's angel sent before the people to guide them to Canaan. E-Moses asks God's names; God says "I am who I am"- YHWH; the Revelation at the Mountain takes place at "Horeb. Covenant.- YHWH entrust laws to Moses alone. Decalogue is a revelatory experience to validate to Israel that Moses is a prophet and mediator of divine law. P- God spoke to Moses and told him he goes by the name "the LORD"; Revelation at the Mountain takes place at "Sinai"; no covenant; YHWH reveals instructions for Tabernacle to Moses. D- ?
29
Moses
-Israelite given up, adopted by Egyptian royalty -as an adult, he murders an Egyptian and flees to Midian -has an encounter with God at the "burning bush" -was told by God to rescue Israel from Slavery -Known as God's Prophet and mediator of divine law
30
the 10 plagues
- competition b/w YHWH and the God's of Egypt -demonstrations of YHWH's powers -convince the Israelites that God sent Moses -killing of the firstborn- climax of the exodus story (passover); kill every firstborn in Egypt- only exception is to slaughter a lamb and paint blood on their doors; Egyptians let Israelites free after this.
31
"Asiatics"
-northwest Semitic people that migrated to Egypt -served as domestic or state slaves including in royal constructions
32
apodictic law
-positively formulated law -validate to Israel that Moses is God's prophet and mediator of divine law -decalogue
33
Casuistic law
-"if x, then y" -covers more areas of life -covenant code
34
Decalogue
-basically the ten commandments -set of laws commanded by God to Moses to teach Israel
35
Covenant code
-collection of laws given to Moses by God
36
Deutoronomy
-5th book of Moses -title comes from the Greek word "Deuteronomos" or "second law" -distinguishable from the rest of the Torah (Story, voice, theme, and content wise) -story: (1) assembles the Israelites, (2) delivers a final address, (3) arranges for his succession, (4) gives the people a song to help them remember the law and covenant -voice: embedded direct speech of Moses -themes: covenant (predominant theme); blessings and curses content- humanitarian impulses, centralization of worship
37
covenant
-sworn agreement b/w two parties -3 layers of covenant in Deuteronomy: distant past, recent past, and present - heart of covenant is Israel's love or loyalty towards God
38
Loyalty Oath
Esarhaddon (assyrian king) tried to get his whole empire to swear to uphold his chosen succession plan -has his subject rulers, officials and provincial officers swear a loyalty oath -written down on clay tablets, sealed, and kept in sanctuaries
39
centralization of the cult
reforming religiously that broadly aligns with distinctive theology of centralized worship that is seen in Deuteronomy

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