Theme - Religion, peace and conflict.

Question 1

why do people fight in a war?

Answer 1

-to create peace which is an absence of conflict leading to happiness and harmony.
-to achieve justice

Question 2

What do Christians and Muslims believe should follow after a war?

Answer 2

-forgiveness and reconciliation

Question 3

What do Quakers believe about war?

Answer 3

-they are pacifists who believe war is always wrong and work to prevent it.

Question 4

What is the main message of Islam?

Answer 4

-Peace

Question 5

When can fighting be justified for muslims?

Answer 5

-in self defense or in defence of faith but fighting without just cause is against the will of God and Muslim teachings.

Question 6

What concepts are important for both Christians and Muslims?

Answer 6

-peace,justice,forgiveness and reconciliation in the aftermath of conflict and as tools to prevent war from happening.

Question 7

Isaiah 2:4 ( Bible)

Answer 7

“Nation will not take up sword against nation , nor will they train for war anymore”.

Question 8

Qu’ran 25:63

Answer 8

“The servants of the lord are those who walk humbly on earth”.

Question 9

Who does Isaiah say will establish justice ?

Answer 9

God

Question 10

Why is peace hard to achieve through war?

Answer 10

-its aftermath is often instability and resentment

Question 11

What do Muslims and Christians seek through prayer and meditation?

Answer 11

-inner peace and tranquility

Question 12

What did prophet Isaiah say about peace?

Answer 12

God will bring peace and the Quran also emphasises peace.

Question 13

What is the right to protest?

Answer 13

-a fundamental democratic freedom.

Question 14

When does the Uk allow peaceful protests?

Answer 14

-when police are told six days before so violence can be avoided.

Question 15

What is terrorism?

Answer 15

-the unlawful use of violence, usually against innocent civilians to achieve a political goal.

Question 16

What do Christians think about protests?

Answer 16

-protesting to achieve what is right is acceptable as long as violence is not used.

Question 17

What is an example of a successful peaceful protest?

Answer 17

-The christian pastor Dr Martin Luther King Junior organised peaceful protests against unjust racist laws which succeeded in bringing civil rights to African-American citizens.

Question 18

Do any religions promote violence?

Answer 18

-No but they have different views about when violence may be justified.

Question 19

When is fighting acceptable in islam?

Answer 19

-In self -defense or defence against the faith and only against those who actively fight against you.

Question 20

Qur’an 4:29-30

Answer 20

“Do not kill each other , for God is merciful to you”.

Question 21

Romans 12:17-19

Answer 21

“Do not repay anyone evil for evil” .

Question 22

Give 3 examples of terrorism tactics?

Answer 22

-Suicide bombers,car bombers and gunmen shooting into crowds.

Question 23

What is the aim of terrorism?

Answer 23

-To make society aware of their cause, frighten people and push authorities into giving way to their demands.

Question 24

Give three reasons for war

Answer 24

-greed
-self-defense
-retaliation

Question 25

What are examples of greed?

Answer 25

-To gain more land/regain land previously lost -To control important resources, e.g oil. -To deprive the enemy of their main source of income.

Question 26

What do both the Bible and Qur'an warn against?

Answer 26

-Greed -"For the love of money is the root of all evil" (bible) -"God does not like arrogant, boastful people who are miserly" (Qur'an).

Question 27

When do Christians and Muslims believe fighting in self-defense is justified?

Answer 27

-if all other ways of resolving conflict has been tried and failed -"Do not repay anyone evil for evil , if it is possible" -"Those who have been attacked are permitted to take up arms" (Qur'an)

Question 28

What did Jesus teach about retaliation?

Answer 28

-that it is wrong -"If anyone slaps you on the right cheek , turn to them the other cheek also"

Question 29

What are nuclear weapons?

Answer 29

-Weapons that work by a nuclear reaction , devastating huge areas and killing large numbers of people.

Question 30

What religion supports the use of nuclear weapons?

Answer 30

-none

Question 31

describe a case study for nuclear weapons

Answer 31

-US forces used atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki during the Second World War -this caused 140,000 people to die in Hiroshima alone. -Japan surrendered , ending the war so some people say their use was justified. -Since then many countries have developed nuclear weapons as a deterrent.

Question 32

What made nuclear weapons illegal?

Answer 32

-The Chemical Weapons Convention (1993).

Question 33

Why might some Christians disagree with nuclear weapons

Answer 33

-only God has the right to end life -Nuclear,chemical and biological weapons kill huge numbers of innocent civilians so their use can never be justified -"You shall not murder"

Question 34

Why might some Christians and Muslism agree with nuclear weapons?

Answer 34

-They see the possession of the nuclear weapon as a deterrent to maintain peace and prevent attack.

Question 35

Why do Muslims disagree with the use of nuclear weapons?

Answer 35

-God created all life on earth and Muslims have a duty to care for and preserve it -The use of nuclear weapons would destroy God's creation,killing millions of innocent people -"Do not contribute to your destruction with your own hands".

Question 36

What is a just war?

Answer 36

A war which meets internationally accepted criteria for fairness;follows traditional Christian rules for a just war and is now accepted by other religions.

Question 37

Who developed the concept of a 'just war'

Answer 37

-Christian writers Augustine and Thomas Aquinas

Question 38

How does lesser jihad affect muslims in case of the just war?

Answer 38

-they are obliged to fight under certian conditins

Question 39

just war theory

Answer 39

- gives conditions that must apply if a war is justifiable and rules on how the war must be fought to make sure it is ethical

Question 40

What are the 6 conditions of a just war?

Answer 40

-be fought for a just cause e.g in self-defence or to defend others -be declared by a proper legal authority -have a just intention (fought to promote good or defeat wrongdoings) -be a last resort -have a reasonable chance of success -be proportional (excessive force must not be used)

Question 41

What are the 3 rules about how war must be fought ?

Answer 41

-The war should be fought by just means (innocent civilians should not be targeted or harmed) -only appropriate force should be used (including type of force and how much force) -internationally agreed conventions must be obeyed

Question 42

what rules did Abu Bakr devise for Muslims?

Answer 42

-muslim armies must not harm innocent civilians,animals,fruit-bearing trees or people who are devout in their faith such as monks. -dead bodies must not be mutilated and prisoners must be treated in a civilised way.

Question 43

A quote for just war theory

Answer 43

"Know that the evil of war is swift and its taste bitter" -Hadith